后现代主义视角下的《美国牧歌》

发布时间：2018-05-03 07:06

本文选题：美国牧歌》 + 后现代主义　；参考：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今文坛对菲利普·罗斯的评价可谓是褒贬不一。一些评论家认为他的作品充斥着反犹，色情和自我放纵，但也有批评家赞赏他作品中丰富的内容，不凡的幽默和新颖的表现手法。人们认为他作品的复杂性也在十多种叙述方法的应用。我们可以毫不夸张地说罗斯一生都在实验各种叙述方法。《美国牧歌》就是最好的例子。通过分析这部有代表性的作品，本文探究了后现代策略在小说中的体现以及元小说叙事策略，戏仿和不确定性的融合所产生的喜剧和放大效果。《美国三部曲》中的《美国牧歌》并不完全是后现代作品的代表，但小说却体现了作者的后现代技巧的运用。在创作过程中，罗斯巧妙地展示后现代手法达到自己诙谐幽默的用意，自我意识叙述和碎片化叙述是元小说叙事策略的核心。散的故事情节，断断续续的人物刻画叠加一起，正像主人公在模糊的世界梦游般寻找自己的存在一样。菲利普罗斯是美国最具有雄心壮志的犹太作家，他不断地在叙述作品中开拓碎片化，偶然性的叙述前景。他的《美国三部曲》展现了梦幻般的叙述用法，及展现文本自身如何与当时的文化相联系。仿是一种写作技巧，是为展现模仿与模仿体之间对比的实质罗斯构建了多面的虚拟世界，正好表现了文论家琳达·哈钦所认为的混合，多元，矛盾性的后现代产业。罗斯关注异族环境中的犹太人的经历，对罗斯来说，没有一种身份形式可以确定，他的作品不仅能够描述历史变换中美国犹太人的经历，在后现代方面上，描述身份探询的意义也极具挑战，与这部小说一致。罗斯所要表达的是，作家所要解决的身份探询问题是很困难的。会有可怕的后果在等着这个人，还有他的家庭，甚至围绕在他们周围的非犹太社会。这篇论文从后现代主义视角解读《美国牧歌》。论文分为三章。第一章分析元小说策略。自我意识叙述、碎片化叙述。第二章分析戏仿的艺术运用。作者幽默地模仿弥尔顿的失乐园，人物塑造或多或少模仿经典的人物形象。本小节包括三部分：失乐园的戏仿、色情文学的戏仿以及对侦探小说戏剧性模仿。第三章主要论及不确定性。战后的美国社会是混乱的，人们在混乱的社会感到使焦虑和痛苦，甚至迷茫困惑，但之后却让人深思离散犹太人精神的空洞，以及对自身身份的不确定性的探询。在《美国牧歌》中，罗思娴熟地运用了后现代的技巧，像元小说策略，戏仿艺术的妙用，以及不确定性的探索。在他的小说当中，生活是充满了荒谬，矛盾的剧院，现实和虚构没有界线。在罗斯创作过程当中，，通过想象将事实和虚构串联起来。在模糊不清的宇宙之中，支离破碎的自我的人物刻画，情节的断断续续等，在读者脑中形成了一幅破碎的画面，本小说证明了作者不仅关心美国犹太人们的社会生活，更加关注人物的内心精神状况。
[Abstract]:Philip Ross's comments in the literary world today are mixed. Some critics consider his works to be anti-Semitic, pornographic and self-indulgent, but others admire his rich content, extraordinary humor and novel presentation. It is believed that the complexity of his works is also applied to more than a dozen narrative methods. It is no exaggeration to say that Ross has been experimenting with all kinds of narratives all his life. American Shepherd is the best example. Through the analysis of this representative work, this paper explores the embodiment of postmodern strategy in the novel and the comedy and magnification effect of the fusion of narrative strategy, parody and uncertainty in metafiction. American Shepherd in American Trilogy is not the representative of postmodern works, but the novel embodies the application of the author's post-modern techniques. In the process of creation, Ross skillfully displayed the postmodern technique to achieve his witty and humorous intention. Self-conscious narration and fragmented narrative are the core of the narrative strategy of metafiction. Scattered storylines, intermittent portrayals of the superimposed, just like the protagonist sleepwalking in the fuzzy world to find their own existence. Philip Ross is the most ambitious Jewish writer in the United States. His American trilogy shows the dreamy use of narration and how the text itself relates to the culture of the time. Imitation is a writing technique to show the essence of the contrast between imitation and imitation. Ross constructed a multi-facet virtual world, which represents the mixed, pluralistic and contradictory post-modern industry that Linda Hutchin, a literary commentator, regards as a mixed, pluralistic, and contradictory postmodern industry. Ross is concerned about the Jewish experience in an alien environment. For Ross, there is no form of identity that can be determined. His works not only describe the experiences of American Jews in historical changes, but also in post-modern terms. Describing the meaning of identity inquiry is also challenging, consistent with the novel. What Ross wants to say is that it is difficult for writers to solve the problem of identity inquiry. There will be terrible consequences waiting for this man, his family, even the non-Jewish society around them. This paper interprets American Shepherd from the perspective of postmodernism. The paper is divided into three chapters. Chapter one analyzes the strategy of metafiction. Self-conscious narration, fragmented narration. The second chapter analyzes the artistic application of parody. The author humorously imitates Milton's Paradise lost, and the characters more or less mimic the classic characters. This section includes three parts: parody of Paradise lost, parody of pornographic literature and dramatic imitation of detective novel. The third chapter mainly deals with uncertainty. The post-war American society is chaotic. People in the chaotic society feel anxious and painful, even confused, but then they make people think deeply about the void of the Jewish spirit and the uncertainty of their identity. In American Pastoral, Roth skillfully uses postmodern techniques, the strategy of pixel novels, the use of parody art, and the exploration of uncertainty. In his novels, life is filled with absurd, contradictory theatres, reality and fiction without boundaries. In the process of Ross's creation, the fact and fiction are connected by imagination. In the hazy universe, the fragmented portrayal of the self, the intermittent plot, and so on, form a broken picture in the reader's mind. This novel proves that the author is not only concerned about the social life of American Jews. Pay more attention to the mental state of the characters.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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