文学伦理学批评视角下的《金色笔记》分析

发布时间：2018-05-30 19:25

本文选题：文学伦理学批评 + 寻找自我　；参考：《河北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：《金色笔记》自1962年出版以来，被认为是多丽丝·莱辛最具影响力的代表作品。其独特的结构以及深刻的主题意义吸引了文学评论界的高度关注。小说讲述了主人公安娜通过四本笔记的帮助重建生活的过程。学者们多从女性主义、心理学、哲学、现代主义及后现代主义的角度研究这部著作，但是鲜有从文学伦理学批评角度解读这部小说。本文采用文学伦理学批评的方法，从人与自我，人与他人，人与社会三种伦理关系出发,通过文本细读的方式，探讨作品中展示的伦理道德，并阐述其中所引发的伦理道德思考，期望给现代社会以启迪。文章的导论部分简要介绍多丽丝·莱辛及其主要作品《金色笔记》，相关的文献综述以及关于文学伦理学批评的理论。主体包括三个主要部分：第一章探讨了主人公安娜寻找自我的过程，阐释了人与自我的关系。安娜作为一名离异的单身女性，先后经历了一系列的挫折与苦痛，其中包括与家人及情人关系破裂的痛苦，无法实现自己写作目的的痛苦，以及政治理想破灭所带来的苦痛，，这些痛苦导致了安娜无法认清自己，导致了自我身份的丢失。随后，她通过自我觉醒以及朋友的帮助，开始重新寻找自我，即寻找她的自我身份。安娜寻找自我的过程包括捍卫个人自由及追求独立的女性角色；正确处理自己的写作目的与现实间的差异；以及坚持自己的政治理想。经过这一系列的努力，安娜终于找到了自我，对于自我有了更清楚的认识。第二章讨论了人与他人的关系。首先从安娜与其女儿及前夫的关系冲突出发，论述了安娜在冲突与矛盾中寻求和谐的过程。其次具体分析了安娜与其身边男性的关系，论述了她由幻想到觉醒的过程。最后通过安娜与其朋友和同事关系的描述，展现了她对友谊中求同存异的态度。通过这三方面的叙述和讨论，论证了寻求和谐是人与他人之间关系的主旋律。第三章探讨了人们在社会中求真的过程，其体现了人与社会的伦理关系，本部分用反证的手法，论证了如果没有真，无论是家庭还是社会，都会出现悲剧。结论部分总结全文，指出《金色笔记》记录的是主人公安娜由迷失自我的单身母亲，到完全独立的自由女性的自我觉醒的过程。作者通过分析在此过程中安娜的种种体验，探索了人与自我，与他人，与社会的关系，并指出寻求自我，追求和谐，以及求真，是以上关系的主旋律。用文学伦理学批评的手段去解读小说《金色笔记》，是一个新的尝试，本文作者同时也希望通过对其分析，为这部经典著作的解读提供一个全新的视角。
[Abstract]:The Golden Notebook has been considered Doris Lessing's most influential masterpiece since its publication in 1962. Its unique structure and profound thematic significance have attracted great attention from literary critics. The novel tells the story of the protagonist An Na's help in rebuilding his life through four notebooks. Scholars study the novel from the perspectives of feminism, psychology, philosophy, modernism and postmodernism, but seldom interpret the novel from the angle of literary ethics criticism. This paper adopts the method of literary ethics criticism, starting from three kinds of ethical relations: man and self, between man and others, between man and society, and through the way of careful reading of the text, discusses the ethics and morality displayed in the works. It also expounds the ethical and moral thinking caused by it and expects to enlighten the modern society. The introduction part briefly introduces Doris Lessing and her main works, Golden Notes, literature review and the theory of literary ethics criticism. The main body consists of three main parts: the first chapter discusses the process of the protagonist An Na seeking self and explains the relationship between man and self. As a divorced single woman, An Na has experienced a series of setbacks and pains, including the pain of breaking up with his family and lover, the pain of failing to achieve her writing purpose, and the pain of political disillusionment. These pains lead to An Na's inability to recognize himself and lead to the loss of self-identity. Then, through self-awakening and the help of her friends, she began to search for herself again, that is, her self-identity. The process of An Na seeking self includes defending individual freedom and pursuing independent female role; correctly handling the difference between his writing purpose and reality; and sticking to his own political ideal. Through this series of efforts, An Na finally found himself, a clearer understanding of self. The second chapter discusses the relationship between people and others. Starting from the conflict between An Na and his daughter and former husband, this paper discusses the process of An Na seeking harmony between conflict and contradiction. Secondly, it analyzes the relationship between An Na and the men around her, and discusses her process from fantasy to awakening. Finally, through the description of An Na's relationship with her friends and colleagues, she shows her attitude of seeking common ground and reserving differences in friendship. Through the narration and discussion of these three aspects, it is proved that seeking harmony is the main melody of the relationship between man and others. The third chapter discusses the process of people seeking truth in society, which embodies the ethical relationship between people and society. This part proves that if there is no truth, there will be tragedies in both family and society. The conclusion concludes that the Golden Notebook records the process of An Na's self-awakening from a lost single mother to a completely independent free woman. By analyzing the various experiences of An Na in this process, the author explores the relationship between man and himself, with others and with society, and points out that seeking self, pursuing harmony and seeking truth are the main melody of the above relations. It is a new attempt to interpret the novel "Golden Notebook" by means of literary ethics criticism. The author also hopes to provide a new angle of view for the interpretation of this classic book by analyzing it.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I561.074

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