论《愤怒的葡萄》中的生态女性主义思想

发布时间：2018-06-29 05:09

本文选题：约翰·斯坦贝克 + 《愤怒的葡萄》　；参考：《苏州大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：《愤怒的葡萄》是美国现代小说家约翰·斯坦贝克（John Steinbeck,1902-1968）的作品，发表于一九三九年。由于他“通过现实主义的、富于想象的创作，表现出富于同情的幽默和对社会的敏感的观察”，一九六二年该作获诺贝尔文学奖。这部作品描写美国三十年代经济恐慌期间大批农民破产、逃荒的故事，小说饱含美国农民的血泪、愤慨和斗争，可以说是美国现代农民的史诗，也是美国现代文学的一部名著。本文从文本细读入手，基于生态女性主义批评理论，结合作家的生活经历，价值取向和社会背景对斯坦贝克的作品《愤怒的葡萄》重新解读。本文认为作者注重自然生态，小说中对土地、自然有许多细致的描写，同时，斯坦贝克也关注社会生态和精神生态的发展。另一方面，女性角色在作品中的作用也不容忽视，女性的身份、象征意义及地位，对于揭示文章的主题——生态女性主义人文关怀有重要意义。因此，本文将从生态角度和女性角度两方面分析《愤怒的葡萄》这部作品。本文共分为五章，第一章介绍约翰·斯坦贝克的生平及主要著作，在文献综述部分介绍《愤怒的葡萄》在国内外的研究现状，并根据现有的研究资料，提出本论文的研究目的、研究方法和研究意义。同时对本论文的主要理论依据——生态女权主义理论作简要介绍。第二章，从生态角度入手，首先分析斯坦贝克的自然观的来源和成因，接着从自然生态，社会生态和精神生态三个方面揭示其在作品中的体现。第三章，从女性角度入手，首先分析女性角色在斯坦贝克生活中的重要作用,及对他创作生涯的影响，其次重点分析《愤怒的葡萄》中两个女性角色——乔德大妈和罗莎夏在作品中的体现。第四章，分析自然和女性在象征意义上的联系，细读斯坦贝克作品中自然和女性在父权制社会下受到的压迫，进一步追溯这一双重统治的根源是人类中心主义和父权制二元思想，，最终由小说富有深刻意义的结尾引申出人类最终的出路。第五章，总结论文观点，作为一个有着强烈社会责任感和人文主义关怀的作家，斯坦贝克通过各种悲情角色的塑造，表达了对女性和生态的深刻的生态人文关怀。
[Abstract]:The Grapes of Wrath, published in 1939 by John Steinbeckner, a modern American novelist, was published in 1902-1968. For his "sympathetic humor and sensitive observation of society through realistic and imaginative works", he deserved the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1962. The novel depicts the bankruptcy and famine of a large number of farmers during the economic panic in the 1930s. The novel is full of American peasants' blood, tears, indignation and struggle. It can be said to be the epic of modern American peasants and a famous work of modern American literature. Based on the theory of eco-feminism criticism, this paper reinterprets Steinbeck's works the Grapes of Wrath based on the author's life experience, value orientation and social background. The author thinks that the author pays much attention to the natural ecology, and there are many detailed descriptions of the land in the novel. At the same time, Steinbeck also pays attention to the development of the social ecology and the spiritual ecology. On the other hand, the role of female characters in the works can not be ignored. The status, symbolic significance and status of women are of great significance to reveal the theme of the article-ecological feminism humanistic care. Therefore, this paper will analyze the Grapes of Wrath from the perspective of ecology and women. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces John Steinbeck's life and main works. In the part of literature review, it introduces the current research situation of Grapes of Wrath at home and abroad, and puts forward the purpose of this paper according to the existing research data. Research methods and significance. At the same time, the main theoretical basis of this paper-ecological feminist theory is briefly introduced. The second chapter analyzes the origin and causes of Steinbeck's view of nature from the angle of ecology, and then reveals the embodiment of Steinbeck in his works from three aspects: natural ecology, social ecology and spiritual ecology. The third chapter, from the perspective of women, first analyzes the important role of female characters in Steinbeck's life, and the impact on his creative career. Secondly, the author analyzes the two female characters in Grapes of Wrath-Aunt Jode and Rosa Xia in their works. The fourth chapter analyzes the symbolic relationship between nature and women, and carefully reads the oppression of nature and women in the patriarchal society in Steinbeck's works. Further tracing back to the root of this dual rule is the dual thought of anthropocentrism and patriarchy, and finally extends the ultimate outlet of mankind from the profound ending of the novel. Chapter five summarizes the viewpoint of the thesis. As a writer with a strong sense of social responsibility and humanistic concern, Steinbeck expresses the profound ecological humanistic concern for women and ecology through the creation of various tragic roles.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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