“飞行”与写作：对卡夫卡的一种解读

发布时间：2019-01-10 08:27

【摘要】：对卡夫卡的研究己有百年的历史,关于卡夫卡作品的总体面貌己形成了固定的认识。然而,由于卡夫卡作品本身的“开放性”特点,促成它们能够与各种新批评范式与文学理论产生辩证的互动关系,以致学者皆能够从各个角度考察卡夫卡作品中的相关问题。对于“现代交通与卡夫卡的写作关系”这个课题,学界倾向于关注卡夫卡作品中主要由铁路及公路组成的“交通”意象,而忽略了飞机及其衍化的“飞行”在卡夫卡作品中的涵义。笔者以为,在卡夫卡的研究已进入细致化与专门化的当下,单单探究其作品中的“飞行”意象,即是值得一试的有意义的工作。本文主要考察卡夫卡作品中的“飞行”意象及其与卡夫卡写作的关系。首章单从《布雷齐亚的飞机》一文考察“飞行”与卡夫卡对写作的理想期待的关系,同时论述卡夫卡对“飞行”的纠结及审视的态度。从卡夫卡对飞行家的飞行描述中,可看出他本人对于某种理想写作之状态的憧憬与想象：可让人理解的作家、可维护纯粹与自由的艺术创作,以及勇于开拓的艺术精神。同时,卡夫卡对“飞行”的反讽,则能看出其对某种写作风格的坚持与要求。“飞行”所能反射出来的意义,可成为考察卡夫卡写作问题时的重要视角。次章以《商人》与《煤桶骑士》为主,并结合卡夫卡其它作品,综合讨论卡夫卡作品中的“飞行”与主人公的关系。本文以为,卡夫卡作品中的“飞行”意象能反映可隐喻为艺术家的主人公的孤独状态,以及在这种状态下的创作冲动；隐喻了艺术家的遁世理想与生存困境；隐喻了主人公的思想速度以及冲创的意志。本文以为,“飞行”作为一种解读视角,提供我们解释卡夫卡作品的另一种可能性,因此它具有了特殊的意义。
[Abstract]:The study of Kafka has a history of one hundred years, and the general appearance of Kafka's works has formed a fixed understanding. However, due to the "openness" of Kafka's works, they can interact dialectically with various new critical paradigms and literary theories, so that scholars can examine the relevant issues in Kafka's works from various angles. As for the topic of "the relationship between Modern Traffic and Kafka's Writing", scholars tend to pay close attention to the image of "traffic" in Kafka's works, which is mainly composed of railways and highways. It ignores the meaning of aircraft and its derived flight in Kafka's works. The author thinks that it is a meaningful work to explore the image of "flying" in Kafka's works. This paper focuses on the image of flight in Kafka's works and its relationship with Kafka's writing. The first chapter examines the relationship between "Flight" and Kafka's ideal expectation for writing, and discusses Kafka's entanglement and attitude toward "Flight". From Kafka's flight description of the pilot, we can see his own vision and imagination of a certain ideal writing state: a writer who can be understood can maintain pure and free artistic creation, as well as a pioneering artistic spirit. At the same time, Kafka's irony of flying shows his insistence on a certain writing style. The significance of flying can be an important perspective in studying Kafka's writing. The second chapter mainly focuses on Merchant and Cavalier of Coal Bucket, and discusses the relationship between Flight and protagonist in Kafka's works in combination with other works of Kafka. This paper holds that the image of "flying" in Kafka's works can reflect the lonely state of the protagonist who can be metaphorically the artist, and the creative impulse in this state, as well as the artist's ideal of recluse and the plight of his existence. Metaphor of the protagonist's speed of thought and the will to create. This paper holds that flight, as an interpretation angle, provides us with another possibility to interpret Kafka's works, so it has special significance.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I521.074

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