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期望、失望、绝望—《暴力的孩子们》中玛莎的心理解读

发布时间:2019-01-20 15:53
【摘要】:《暴力的孩子们》系列小说的作者多丽丝·莱辛(Doris Lessing)被认为是继弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫之后英国最重要的女作家,她于2007年摘得诺贝尔文学奖的桂冠。她的《暴力的孩子们》被称为“战后年轻女性自我探索小说中最丰富之作”。这部具有半自传性的小说历时十七年完成,五部曲浑然一体,渗透着对种族压迫、世界大战、东西方冷战、妇女命运及两性关系等诸多社会问题的关注和思考,五本书不仅仅描述了玛莎的一生,表现了现代女性的困境、自我追寻及反思。更为重要的是,该系列小说从不同侧面描写了一名女性在一个充满种族偏见和男女不平等的社会里心理探寻的过程。本文将从心理分析方法入手,研究主人公玛莎一生的心路历程。通过研究玛莎心理的三个阶段期望、失望、绝望,来探讨莱辛笔下的知识女性面对西方冷酷的现实,追寻自我、探索人生的无助、失落和幻灭。 论文主要分为三个部分。第一章研究主人公玛莎希望追寻真正的自我的心路历程。本文认为玛莎作为非洲贫苦的白人,她期望从三个层面,即摆脱家庭束缚,借助外部力量和探寻内心从现实生活中解救自我。她精神的独立,,强烈的自我意识使她反抗周围的环境,通过社会和个人去寻求自己的个人身份和自由。第二章分析现实的种种破灭给玛莎心灵带来的冲击。玛莎通过一连串的追寻,包括性、爱、婚姻、母亲角色及政治参与等,在经历了婚姻和情感,社会和政治活动的多方挫折之后,内心感到惶恐、不安和失落。第三章探讨玛莎离开非洲到伦敦,摆脱情感和理性的束缚进行内心探索和追求,然而大英帝国冷酷的现实、失望的两性关系和女性关系使玛莎感到无助和绝望最终陷入精神崩溃的心理历程。 本论文的研究表明《暴力的孩子们》是一部女性成长小说,更是一部心理分析小说。它记录了一位英国女性的成长经历,更重要的是对主人公心理的塑造和建构可谓细腻传情。小说对玛莎心理细致的刻画和描写,充分揭示了莱辛关心作为个体的人之生存问题,探索人的精神如何才能保持平衡以及获得适当的安置,同时也是对战后女性精神荒原的一种探求和思索。
[Abstract]:Doris Lessing (Doris Lessing), author of the Children of violence series, is regarded as Britain's most important female writer after Virginia Wolf, who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2007. Her Children of violence is described as the richest postwar young woman's self-exploration novel. This semi-autobiographical novel took 17 years to complete, and the five songs were integrated into one, permeating concerns and reflections on many social issues, such as racial oppression, world war, the cold war between East and West, the fate of women and the relationship between the two sexes. The five books not only describe Martha's life, but also show the plight of modern women, self-pursuit and reflection. More importantly, the series depicts the psychological exploration of a woman in a society full of racial prejudice and gender inequality. This article will start with the psychoanalysis method to study the protagonist Martha's mind course in her whole life. By studying Marsha's three stages of expectation, disappointment and despair, this paper explores Lessing's works of intellectual women who face the cold reality of the West, pursue themselves, and explore the helplessness, loss and disillusionment of life. The paper is divided into three parts. The first chapter studies the protagonist Martha's inner course of seeking the true self. This paper holds that Martha, as a poor white man in Africa, expects to free herself from the bondage of her family from three aspects, namely, to free herself from the bondage of her family, to use external forces and to explore her heart to save herself from real life. Her spiritual independence and strong self-consciousness led her to resist the surrounding environment and seek her personal identity and freedom through society and individuals. The second chapter analyzes the impact of the reality of all kinds of disillusionment on Martha's soul. Through a series of pursuits, including sex, love, marriage, mother's role and political participation, Martha felt frightened, disturbed and lost after experiencing multiple setbacks in marriage and emotional, social and political activities. The third chapter discusses Martha leaving Africa to London, free from the emotional and rational constraints of the heart of exploration and pursuit, but the British Empire cold reality, Disappointed relationship and female relationship make Martha feel helpless and desperate and finally fall into the psychological process of mental collapse. The study of this paper shows that violent Children is a female growing up novel and a psychoanalytic novel. It records the growing up of a British woman and, more importantly, the creation and construction of the protagonist's psychology. The meticulous portrayal and description of Martha's psychology in the novel fully reveals that Lessing cares about the survival of the individual and explores how the human spirit can be balanced and properly placed. At the same time, it is a kind of exploration and reflection on the female spiritual wasteland after the war.
【学位授予单位】:哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2012
【分类号】:I561.074

【参考文献】

相关期刊论文 前3条

1 张和龙;;多丽丝·莱辛的女性主义思想[J];安徽师范大学学报(人文社会科学版);2011年01期

2 曹小雪;;论多丽丝·莱辛早期“逃离”性格的形成[J];名作欣赏;2011年07期

3 陈彩丽;《暴力的孩子》中的存在主义思想分析[J];周口师范学院学报;2004年01期



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