回忆过往,追求自我—《道路上的尘埃》自传叙事研究

发布时间：2019-06-27 11:02

【摘要】：佐拉·尼尔·赫斯顿(Zora Neale Hurston,1891-1960)是20世纪20至30年代美国哈莱姆文艺复兴时期的一位黑人女性作家,她既是一位文学家,也是一位人类学家和民俗学家。著名批评家小亨利·路易斯·盖茨认为赫斯顿是美国黑人文学、女性主义文学和美国文学经典中的一个主要人物,并在其主编的《诺顿美国黑人文学选集》中称赫斯顿是20世纪美国最伟大的作家之一。本文以热拉尔·热奈特以及韦恩·布斯的叙事学理论为基础,从以下三个方面对《道路上的尘埃》进行研究:第一,不同叙述层次的关系问题:赫斯顿在叙述视角上运用全能视角和个人视角之间切换的方法使整个自传故事有了更加神秘的色彩;同时在停顿、省略、场景和概述四种时距上实现了有节奏的叙述,此种技巧的熟练使用帮助赫斯顿实现了对自我以及自身故事的隐藏,而且在一定程度上加深了对读者的吸引;第二,作者和叙述者的关系问题:自传的叙述者“我”执行着作品人物和叙述者两种不同的功能,从而实现了戏剧化叙述和非戏剧化叙述的效果,增加了作者和叙述者之间的审美距离;第三,自传的不可靠性研究:赫斯顿自传中存在着一系列的不可靠性叙述,本文通过对赫斯顿自传的有意识和无意识两种不可靠性的研究,使得读者在对赫斯顿内心的剖析时有了更加明确的视角,让我们认识了更加全面的赫斯顿。综上所述,赫斯顿在自传中独特的叙述增加了自传的神秘性;她恰当地掌握了作者与叙述者之间的审美距离;并且不可靠性的叙述方式有利于读者发现作品背后真正的赫斯顿。
[Abstract]:Zola Neil Heston (Zora Neale Hurston,1891-1960 is a black female writer during the Harlem Renaissance in the 1920s and 1930s. She is not only a writer, but also an anthropologist and folklore. Henry Louis Gates Jr., a famous critic, believes that Heston is a major figure in black American literature, feminist literature and American literary classics, and calls Heston one of the greatest American writers in the 20th century in his anthology of Norton Black American Literature. Based on the narratology theory of Gerard Genette and Wayne Booth, this paper studies Dust on the Road from the following three aspects: first, the relationship between different narrative levels: Heston uses the method of switching between omnipotent perspective and personal perspective to make the whole autobiographical story have a more mysterious color; At the same time, the rhythmic narration is realized in the four time intervals of pause, omission, scene and overview. The skillful use of this technique helps Heston to hide himself and his own story, and to a certain extent deepens the attraction to the reader. Second, the relationship between the author and the narrator: the narrator of the autobiography performs two different functions: the character and the narrator, thus realizing the effect of dramatic narration and undramatic narration and increasing the aesthetic distance between the author and the narrator. Third, the study of unreliability of autobiography: there are a series of unreliable narratives in Heston's autobiography. Through the study of conscious and unconscious unreliability of Heston's autobiography, readers have a clearer perspective on the analysis of Heston's heart and let us know more comprehensive Heston. To sum up, Heston's unique narration in the autobiography increases the mystery of the autobiography; she properly grasps the aesthetic distance between the author and the narrator; and the unreliable narration is helpful for the reader to find the real Heston behind the work.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I712.074

【相似文献】