苏州滑稽戏研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 22:28

本文关键词：苏州滑稽戏研究　出处：《苏州大学》2010年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 滑稽戏作为一种新兴剧种,既拥有悠久的历史传统,又具有扎实的群众基础,成为20世纪以来博采众长、特立独行的市民文化产品。苏州滑稽戏是滑稽戏的一个分支剧种,由于受地域文化、历史传统、观众群体等影响,而形成“冷隽幽默、爽甜润口、滑而有稽、寓理于戏”的艺术特点。论文以追本溯源的“滑稽”考原开始,分析滑稽戏之远祖与近亲:即以逗乐讽刺为主要功能的滑稽戏有着从先秦古优开始的深厚历史渊源,同时又与近现代市民文化层中文明戏、独脚戏等戏剧、曲艺样式关系密切。论文主体以苏州滑稽戏的历史、代表剧目及表演艺术家为相互参照三个基本方面,希望能从历史与现代、资料与采访、史论结合与点面参照等多层次整理和论述苏州滑稽戏的历史状况,真实反映苏州滑稽戏的存活状态。论文视角紧扣极具地方色彩的苏州滑稽戏,在苏州滑稽戏历史的述论中,按照时间顺序,以解放前、解放初及改革开放以来三个阶段分述苏州滑稽戏的发展历史,并对苏州滑稽剧团两大前身“璇宫团”和“七星团”以及后来的“星艺”和“新声”进行了重点关注和梳理:在解放前后的历史背景下,通过对人员变迁、剧目表演、演出经历等多方面史论结合的梳理,多角度反映出苏州滑稽剧团的形成过程;有关苏州滑稽戏的经典剧目在本文中被分为20世纪50年代、60年代到80年代及90年代以来这样三阶段,不同阶段形成了以经典传统的古装滑稽戏、服务行业的现代滑稽戏及寓教于乐的青少年滑稽戏为主流的三大类别。论文选取每一类别中家喻户晓、耳熟能详的典范剧目如《苏州二公差》、《满意不满意》、《小小得月楼》、《快活的黄帽子》、《一二三,起步走》等进行特点和意义论述。这些剧目不仅代表了苏州滑稽戏解放后每一阶段所取得的最高成果,更是承载着苏州滑稽戏独特的艺术风格,能让观众品过笑过,若有所思,有所回味;当然,演绎苏州滑稽戏的表演艺术家更是技艺高超,声名远扬。从剧团成立初期的张幻尔、方笑笑,到顾芗、张克勤,再到如今一代滑稽戏新秀,尽管人才的培养曲折艰辛,但苏州滑稽戏已经搭建起保护、传承、发扬苏州滑稽戏的人才梯队。在大量阅读相关文字及音像资料,并先后采访滑稽戏圈内知名导演、演员、作家、剧团管理层等相关人士十余次的基础上,论文以调查与研究互为印证、史论结合为基础,多角度就苏州滑稽戏的生长历程、发展状况、演出剧目、知名演员及成就特色等加以整理论述,并在此基础上总结苏州滑稽戏的艺术特征与“苏滑现象”的原因和启示。总的来说,苏州滑稽戏给人的印象是幽默、有趣、冷中有隽、冷而不板。这与它贴近现实的题材、细腻打磨的表演及滑而有稽的噱头等艺术特征互为表里。与海派滑稽戏等相比,苏州滑稽戏独特的艺术特征及“苏滑现象”与其产生的人文环境关系紧密。吴地上风上水烘焙出的千年文化,千年吴文化所孕育滋养的人文精神、以及人文精神所凝结的观众群体意识、性格特点和思维方式等是苏州滑稽戏得以存活发展的活的土壤,也是其表现出雅化和文气特点的最本质的先天因素。当然,除此以外,苏州滑稽戏从业人员以现实为依据,紧扣市场的运作思路及对于艺术勇攀高峰、不懈追求的精神则是“苏滑现象”产生的后天因素。论文以目前学界少有专门而系统研究的苏州滑稽戏为研究对象,不仅是一份直观记录其顽强存活,永续发展的个体档案;而针对“苏滑现象”的总结分析在远未停歇的戏曲改革与发展的当代,对于其他地方剧种也具有一定的参照和借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:As a new comic opera, which has a long history and tradition, but also has a solid foundation for the masses, since twentieth Century to become the public cultural products learn widely from others'strong points, personal independence of conduct. Suzhou burlesque is a branch of opera burlesque, due to geographical culture, historical tradition, audience and other factors, and the formation of "cold Jun humor, cool sweet mouth, and a slide inspection, pay attention to the artistic characteristics of the opera". In order to trace the origin of the "funny" original test, analysis of ancestor kin with burlesque: that is to amuse the irony as the main function of the comic has a deep history since the pre Qin ancient advantages, and at the same time the modern city culture in the civilization drama, drama, folk art style, close to Suzhou. The main body of the comic opera history, on behalf of the repertoire and performing artists for cross referencing three basic aspects, hope from the history and present Generation, information and interview, the combination of historical theory and point and point reference, etc., collate and discuss the historical situation of Suzhou's funny play, which truly reflects the survival state of Suzhou's funny play.
This paper from the perspective of local color very closely in Suzhou Suzhou burlesque, farce on the history, according to the time order, to liberation, liberation and development history since the beginning of reform and opening up the three stages of the Suzhou comic opera, and the Suzhou Comic Troupe two predecessor "Xuangong group" and "seven Star Group" and later "art" and "new ideas" are the focus of attention and carding: in before and after the liberation of the historical background, the personnel changes, theatrical performances, performances and other aspects through combing the combination of history, multi angle reflects the formation of the Suzhou Comic Troupe; Suzhou burlesque classical repertoire is this paper is divided into 1950s in 60s to 80s, and since 90s three stage, different stages of formation of the ancient classic comic opera, comic opera and the combination of modern service industry in the Youth Music Teaching In the comic opera into three categories. The mainstream selection in each category of model operas such as known to every family, for having heard it many times "Suzhou two > < satisfactory tolerance, >, < small > < Deyue tower, a yellow hat >, < 123 >, start walking are discussed. The characteristics and significance of the highest achievements the repertoire not only represents the Suzhou farce after the liberation of each phase obtained, it is carrying a Suzhou comic art style is unique, can let the audience have laughed, thoughtfully, somewhat aftertaste; of course, the interpretation of Suzhou comic opera performing artist is art high, reputation from the troupe was established. Huaner, Zhang early party smiled, to Gu Xiang, Zhang Keqin, and now a generation of burlesque star, although the twists and turns of talent cultivation, but the Suzhou farce has set up protection, inheritance, carry forward the Suzhou burlesque talent.
In reading a lot of relevant information of text and audio, and has an interview with famous director, burlesque circle actor, writer, theatre management and other related professionals based on more than ten times, based on the investigation and study mutually confirmed, the combination of history based on the multi angle growth process, the development status of Suzhou comic opera repertoire, the famous actor, and achievement characteristics to organize discussion, and on the basis of summarizing the artistic features of Suzhou burlesque and "Su slip phenomenon" reason and revelation. In general, the Suzhou burlesque gives the impression of being humorous, funny, with Juan cold, cold and not in that it is closer to reality. The theme, exquisite performance and smooth and polished with Ji gimmick artistic features interacts. Compared with the Shanghai farce, Suzhou burlesque unique artistic features and Suhua phenomenon and the human environment relationship on Wu closely. Feng Shui baked Millennium culture, Wu culture Millennium nurtured humanistic spirit nourishing, consciousness of audience and humanistic spirit of condensation, character and mode of thinking of Suzhou burlesque survival development of living soil, is the most essential factor to exhibit innate elegance and the characteristics of the gas. Of course, in addition, Suzhou burlesque practitioners based on reality, closely linked to the market and operation ideas for art Yongpangaofeng, relentless pursuit of the spirit is "Su slip phenomenon" acquired factors.
Based on the current academic little specialized and systematic research of Suzhou burlesque as the research object, not only is a visual record of the tenacious survival, sustainable development of the individual archives; and according to the "Su slip phenomenon" in the analysis is far from out of the reform and development of contemporary drama, a reference to other places opera also has and the significance.

【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：J825

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