民间曲艺与近代江南乡民文化灌注——以苏州评弹为中心的考察

发布时间：2018-07-17 05:52

【摘要】：作为汲取了江南世俗养分的民间曲艺,苏州评弹在娱乐乡民身心的同时,颇具"风世教化"意义。评弹的文本多有宣扬日常伦理道德的内容,不仅向民众展现了读书致贵、终成眷属的美好生活图景,也弘扬了忠孝节义的传统道德观念。说书艺人在说表过程中,通过口技、乡谈等民间技艺、手眼身法的脚色呈现、符合民众认知的说表逻辑等手段,使得评弹表演更加契合乡民欣赏品味。这种依托于乡村聚落空间的曲艺展演,很大程度上融入了乡民生活节律和日常平居空间,在文化意义上,紧密地黏合了民间艺术与基层乡民。总之,评弹表演用乡民喜闻乐见的形式,使其在日常休闲中,顺便接受着民间知识的文化哺育。这种艺术欣赏过程生动地诠释了乡土文化灌注的理路与内涵,同时也展示了民间曲艺在乡民日常文化培植的基本面相:不只是精英知识借助评弹在民众中传播,更重要的是,民间知识通过曲艺滋育着所谓的精英文化,也借助演绎传播,丰润着精英文化的成长土壤。
[Abstract]:As a folk art absorbing the worldly nutrition of Jiangnan, Suzhou's evaluation of music plays a significant role in entertaining the villagers' body and mind as well as "the world of wind and education". The text of the commentary has the content that propagandizes the daily ethics morals, not only has displayed to the populace the good life picture which the reading causes the expensive, finally has the family, also has carried forward the traditional moral idea of loyalty and filial piety. Storytellers in the process of saying table, through the oral skills, township talk and other folk skills, hand-body method of the role of the presentation, in line with the public understanding of the logic of the table, making the performance more in line with the local people appreciate taste. This kind of folk art exhibition, which depends on the rural settlement space, to a great extent, integrates the rhythm of the rural people's life and the daily living space, and in the cultural sense, it is closely related to the folk art and the local people at the grass-roots level. In a word, the pop show uses the form that the villagers like, so that they receive the culture of folk knowledge in their daily leisure. This art appreciation process vividly interprets the rationale and connotation of the local culture perfusion, and at the same time shows the basic aspects of folk music art being cultivated in the local people's daily culture: it is not only the elite knowledge that spreads among the people with the help of the evaluation program, but more importantly, Folk knowledge educates the so-called elite culture through quyi art, but also with the help of deduction to spread, rich elite culture growth soil.
【作者单位】：苏州大学社会学院;
【基金】：2014年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“评弹历史文献资料整理与研究”(项目编号:14ZDB041)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：J826

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