从关联理论看《红楼梦》两英译本的双关语翻译

发布时间：2018-01-25 04:04

本文关键词： 关联理论红楼梦两英译本双关翻译　出处：《中北大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《红楼梦》，是中国古典小说的最高峰，在众多翻译难题中，它有其特殊地单。双关，，作为一种功能强大的修辞手段，以及它的独特的修辞功能，其翻译在很大程度上影响着译文读者对原著的理解和欣赏，对译者具有极大的挑战性，可以作为评价译本是否成功的一个重要因素。霍克斯在其译本的序言中说过：双关语的翻译是最难的一部分。《红楼梦》自被翻译以来，世所公认最有影响的两个全译本是产生于二十世纪七十年单，由杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇合译的ADreamofRed Mansions和大卫·霍克斯与约翰·闵福德翻译的The storyof the Stone。国内学者或从译者主体性，或从目的论的角度，或从文化角度针对两个译本的不同翻译策略和方法做了探讨和阐释，但对双关翻译的研究仍不够普遍，这一领域亟待我们投入更多的精力。本文以经典巨著《红楼梦》为蓝本，以关联理论为视角，以两译本中的双关翻译为语料，借鉴前人对两个译本翻译策略、翻译效果的研究思路，通过对比和分析，对两译本中的双关翻译做出评价。本文立于两译本双关翻译比对和评价的基础上，旨在促进学界对翻译策略、翻译效果以及翻译批评的研究，从而提高汉译英翻译水平；另外，此研究对加强中外文化交流，特别是对外宣传和弘扬中华民族的优秀的传统文化也是大有裨益的。在《关联性：交际和认知》一书中，Sperber和Wilson首次提出了关联理论，认为交际是一个包含信息意图和交际意图的明示——推理过程，为我们研究口头及书面的交际提供了一个崭新的视角。Gutt在其博士论文中将关联理论应用到了翻译实践中。Gutt主张在关联理论视角下，翻译是一个涉及作者、译者和译文读者之间的双重明示——推理过程。译文应该与译文读者产生充分的关联，提供充分的语境效果，译者应让读者付出任何不必要的努力而理解源文。因此，译者能否提供最佳语境，实现最佳关联是判断译文成功与否的一个重要依据。双关，作为一种古老的修辞，作者利用语义或者语音，将真实意图隐藏于字面意中。双关的翻译质量决定了译文读者对源文的理解程度。译者在翻译双关的时候，在理解了源文作者隐含于字面意中的隐含意的基础上，应将此隐含意传达给译文读者。译者除了考虑译作的准确性和忠实因素之外，对译文读者而言，其译作也应是容易被理解的。因此，就双关语的隐含意被翻译的质量而言，关联理论中所包含的译者能否提供最佳语境，实现最佳关联，让读者付出任何不必要的努力而理解源文的原则，对译者翻译双关是有理论指导意义的。本文共分六章：第一章简单介绍了全文结构。第二章是文献综述，回顾了两译本中双关翻译的研究现状，结合研究所取得的成就及现状，解释了以关联理论为理论基础，以双关翻译为语料的原因，并指出本文的研究意义。第三章借鉴了关联理论，对其重要概念以及国内的发展过程做了一个简单说明，阐述了关联理论对双关翻译的评价作用。第四章对两译本中的双关进行分分，并列举了双关的作用。第五章是全文的主体部分，详细介绍了两译本，对其双关翻译进行分析和比对，并做出最后评价。最后为结论部分，对全文进行了总结和概括，为以后的研究工作提出了一些建议。通过众多双关翻译的比对，可发现杨宪益成功地再现了《红楼梦》中双关语的指称含义和语用含义及其相对应的语言功能，然而由于政治背景、文化影响、译者身份以及翻译目的等原因的影响，杨宪益译本旨在弘扬中华民族传统文化，以源语文化为皈依，过度追求忠实。从关联理论角度而言，其双关翻译因过于忠于源文，在言内含义的层面上往往难以和源语做到很好的对应，让读者付出了更多的努力去理解源文，无形中增大了译文读者的负担。而霍克斯的译本以译语文化为导向，更多地面向以英语为母语的读者，尽量为读者提供充分的语境效果，着意减少读者负担，暗合了关联理论以最小心理投入获得最大认知效果的要求。因此，霍译本的读者认知和认可程度高于杨译本。综上，从关联理论视角而言，霍译本暗合关联理论便达到了较好的认知效果，那么译者如果在翻译中有意识地运用关联理论为指导，必将提高翻译质量。
[Abstract]:"A dream of Red Mansions", is the highest peak in Chinese classical novels, in many translation problems, it has its special form. Pun, rhetoric as a powerful, as well as the unique rhetorical function of it, its translation has a great influence on the readers to the original understanding and appreciation, is a challenge great for the translator, can be used as an important factor in evaluating the success of translation. In the preface to the translation of Hawkes said: the translation of puns is the most difficult part.
Since the translation of the dream of Red Mansions, the two most influential translations have been recognized in the twentieth Century seventy years, which is translated by Yang Xianyi, Dai Naidie and ADreamofRed Mansions and Hawkes The John storyof.
Domestic scholars, from the perspective of translator's subjectivity or skopos theory, or from a cultural perspective, have discussed and interpreted different translation strategies and methods of the two versions, but the research on puns translation is still not enough, which requires us to invest more energy in this field.
Based on the classical masterpiece "a dream of Red Mansions" based on relevance theory perspective, the two versions of the pun translation corpus, the predecessors of the two versions of translation strategies, translation research results, through comparison and analysis, to evaluate the two versions of the text. Pun translation based on the two versions pun translation comparison and evaluation, in order to promote the studies of translation strategies, translation studies and translation criticism, so as to improve the translation level; in addition, the study on strengthening cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, especially foreign propaganda and carry forward the Chinese nation's outstanding traditional culture but also be of great advantage.
In the book relevance: communication and cognition "in one book, Sperber and Wilson first proposed the relevance theory, holds that communication is an information and communicative intention ostensive inferential process, provides a new perspective of.Gutt in his doctoral dissertation, relevance theory is applied to the practice of translation in the perspective of proposition.Gutt relevance theory for us to study the oral and written communication, translation is a related author, double ostensive inferential process between the translator and the reader. The translation should be fully associated with the readers, provide adequate contextual effect, the translator should make readers pay any unnecessary effort to understand the source text so. The translator, can provide the best context, to achieve optimal relevance is to determine the success of an important basis.
Pun, as a kind of ancient rhetoric, the author uses semantic or speech, the real intention behind the literal translation quality. Italy pun determines the readers understand the extent of the source text. The translator in the translation of puns, based on an understanding of the implications of the source text author implied in the word on the right, should be convey this hidden meaning to the target readers. The translator not only consider translation accuracy and fidelity factor outside of the target reader, the translation should be easily understood. Therefore, in terms of quality hidden meaning of pun translation is included in the relevance theory, the translator can provide the best context, achieving optimal relevance. Let the reader pay any unnecessary effort to understand the source text principle, is the theoretical guiding significance to the translation of puns.
This paper is divided into six chapters: the first chapter briefly introduces the whole structure. The second chapter is the literature review, reviews the research status of pun translation in the two versions, combined with the research achievements and the status quo, explained based on the relevance theory in pun translation corpora, and pointed out the significance of this study. The third chapter is on Relevance Theory and its key concepts and domestic development process to do a simple description, expounds the role of relevance theory to evaluate pun translation. The fourth chapter points of Puns in the two versions, and lists the double closed. The fifth chapter is the main part of this paper introduced in detail two versions of the analysis and comparison of the translation of puns, and make a final evaluation. The last part is the conclusion, summarizes and generalizes the whole thesis and puts forward some suggestions for the future research work.
Through numerous comparisons of pun translation, can be found in the function of language Yang Xianyi successfully reproduced "Pun in a dream of Red Mansions" reference meaning and pragmatic meaning and the corresponding, however due to the political background, cultural influence, influence the translator's identity and translation purpose, Yang Xianyi translation aims to promote traditional Chinese culture, to the source language culture as the basis, the excessive pursuit of loyalty. From the perspective of relevance theory, the translation of puns are too faithful to the source text, meaning in linguistic level and source language is often difficult to do a good correspondence, allowing readers to pay more efforts to understand the source text, which increases the burden of the readers.
Hawkes's translation to the target culture oriented, more ground to English speaking readers, to provide adequate contextual effect for the reader, to reduce the burden of the reader, coincident with the theory associated with minimum investment to get the maximum effect of cognitive psychological requirements. Therefore, readers' cognition and recognition degree of hawkes'version is higher than that of the Yangs.
In conclusion, from the perspective of relevance theory, relevance theory implies hawkes'version reached better cognitive effect, so the translator if there is awareness in translation with relevance theory as a guide, it will improve the quality of translation.

【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H059;I046

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