从跨文化交际的角度探讨戏剧翻译的复杂性和创造性

发布时间：2018-04-26 09:42

本文选题：戏剧 + 跨文化交际　；参考：《西北大学》2003年硕士论文

【摘要】： 戏剧是一种运用文学、导演、表演、音乐、美术等艺术手段塑造人物形象，反映社会生活的综合性的舞台艺术。人类生产的发展，都市社会的形成和科学技术的发展，推动着戏剧的发展。可以说，戏剧几乎涉及到文化的所有领域，在剧场短短几个小时的演出中就能够反映出一个民族所积淀的文化深度和历史结晶。因此，文化因素是戏剧翻译中不可忽视的重要因素，同时也大大增加了戏剧翻译的难度。除此之外，戏剧本身的特点也导致了戏剧翻译的复杂化。戏剧不仅是一门表演艺术，也是一种重要的文学体裁。它包括了小说、诗歌、论述等文体的特点，更拥有自己独特的语言形式：台词(通过人物的语言来描述人物的性格、情节的发展以及主题的表达)。一部好的剧本也是一部优秀的文学作品。戏剧除了拥有大批的观众，还可以拥有众多的读者，也就是说，戏剧兼具可阅读性和可表演性，戏剧译本不但要通顺、达意，易于阅读；还要朗朗上口，易于表演。可见，戏剧翻译具有很大的难度。但同时，戏剧丰富的文化内涵及灵活的表达方式却也给了翻译者更大的创造空间。如何在戏剧翻译中跨越文化差异，最大限度地体现戏剧艺术的独特魅力，最大程度地传达出戏剧中所蕴藏的文化特质和思想内涵，是值得我们进行深入探讨的。将戏剧的翻译置于文化交流的背景之下来进行研究，或许会带给我们一些新的启示。本文即从跨文化交际的角度来探讨戏剧翻译的复杂性及创造性。全文共分为五章，第一章是引言，概述本文的研究角度及作者所持的观点：戏剧翻译的复杂性要求翻译者具有更高的创造能力。第二章阐述了跨文化交际与翻译之间的关系，详细说明了跨文化交际的内涵、语言在文化交际中的作用及翻译作为跨文化活动的实质。第三章是本文的核心章节，首先，简述戏剧艺术在西方与中国的发展历程。其次，通过苏珊·巴斯内特的戏剧翻译理论来探讨戏剧翻译的复杂性；最后，讨论戏剧的翻译途径，提出：尽管戏剧的翻译较为复杂，但仍然是可行的。译者的角色并不是单一不变的。翻译者可以侧重于戏剧的不同方面，或强调其文学性，将剧本作为单纯的文学作品来翻译，不强调其可表演性。在翻译中，译者最大限度地保留原作的风格，并遵从原作的结构，从而给出较为理想的译文。例如，卞之琳翻译《哈姆雷特》之法;或强调其可表演性，将舞台演出作为戏剧翻译的最终目的，译者不仅要考虑剧本的可读性，还要考虑到最终的表演效果。在翻译过程中，译者需花费更多的精力来根据实际需要对原文作出合理的改动，甚至可以在保留原作精神的前提下，对剧本的语言、结构进行改写或重写，最大限度地使一部戏剧能够同时在源语观众与目的语观众中引起共鸣，并传达出源语剧本的思想内涵。在此，译者的创造性得到了最大程度的体现。例如，朱生豪翻译《哈姆雷特》之法。第四章是实例分析，以莎士比亚名剧《哈姆雷特》在中国的翻译及演出为例，来说明戏剧翻译的复杂性、翻译途径的多样性及译者在翻译过程中的创造性。第五章是结论部分，对全文作了如下的总结:虽然戏剧中的文化因素具有很强的民族个性，，但人类的共性奠定了各文化间交流的基础，从而使戏剧的跨文化交流成为可能。出于戏剧本身的复杂性，译者在进行戏剧翻译时，只将其简单的按表面意思翻译是不可能得出好的译文的。翻译是某种程度上的再创造，而好的翻译是译者把原著的思想与情感，化为自己的思想与情感之后的二度创造艺术。
[Abstract]:The drama is a kind of artistic means of literature , director , performance , music , art and so on . It reflects the comprehensive stage art of social life . The development of human production , the formation of urban society and the development of science and technology can reflect the cultural depth and historical crystallization of a nation . A good play is also an excellent literary work . In addition to having a large audience , the play can have a large number of readers , that is , the drama has both readability and performance , and the translation of the drama should not only be smooth , meaning and easy to read ;
It is very difficult to perform the drama translation , but at the same time , the profound cultural connotation and the flexible expression of the drama give the translator a greater creative space . How to express the unique charm of the drama art in the drama translation , to the greatest extent , convey the cultural characteristics and the connotation of the drama in the drama , it is worth us to carry on in - depth discussion . The translation of the drama in the background of cultural exchange should be studied , and may bring us some new revelations .

This paper discusses the complexity and creativity of drama translation from the perspective of cross - cultural communication . The thesis is divided into five chapters . The first chapter is the introduction , which summarizes the research angle and the author ' s viewpoint that the complexity of the translation of drama requires translators to have higher creative ability . Chapter Two expounds the connotation of intercultural communication , the role of language in cultural communication and the essence of translation as cross - cultural activities .
Finally , the translation approaches of drama are discussed . Although the translation of drama is complicated , it is still feasible . The translator ' s role is not single . The translator can focus on different aspects of drama , or emphasize

In translation , the translator ' s greatest limitation is the translation of the script as a simple literary works .

Keep the original style and conform to the original structure to give a better translation . For example , Lin ' s Lin is translated .

The final purpose of the translation of a stage as a dramatic translation , or an emphasis on the performance of the stage .

The readability of the script takes into account the final performance . In the process of translation , the translator needs to spend more effort

There is a need to make reasonable changes to the original text , even if the original spirit is preserved , the script language , structure ,

to rewrite or rewrite to maximize a play at the same time in both the source audience and the target audience , and

In this context , the translator ' s creativity is reflected in the greatest degree . For example , Zhu Sheng - hao turned over

The fourth chapter is an example of the translation of Shakespeare ' s famous opera , Hamlet , in China .

The performance is an example to illustrate the complexity of drama translation , the diversity of translation approaches , and the creativity of the translator in the translation process .

The fifth chapter is the conclusion part , summarizes the whole text as follows : Although the cultural factor in the drama has a strong national character , but

The commonness of mankind laid the foundation of communication between cultures , thus making the cross - cultural communication of drama possible . For the drama itself

In the case of drama translation , the translator simply translates its simple literal meaning into a good translation .

Translation is a kind of re - creation , and good translation is the translator ' s thought and emotion in his original works .

The second degree after feeling creates art .

【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：I046

【引证文献】