意境：生命之思的审美建构

发布时间：2018-05-03 06:28

本文选题：生命之思 + 意象　；参考：《东北师范大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：意境代表了中国古典艺术的最高成就，积淀了中华民族几千年的文化精髓，凝聚着历代文人对生命价值的追问与沉思。意境的诞生是古老的哲学孕育的结果，先民天人合一的生命意识是其最深刻的文化底蕴。儒家的仁道、道家的天道和释家的佛道在珍爱生命的基点上是契合为一的，三家的终极理想都是实现人的自由，而自由恰是生命的最高境界。“道”是对生命思考的哲学表达，而山、水及庄子的象罔则使得对生命价值的追问具有了一定的艺术内涵，意境则是这一追问的审美表达，是生命之思在艺术中的审美建构。艺术境界即是要传达出人类对于生命的哲学追问，但传达的方式不是赤裸裸的追问，而是诉诸以生动的审美意象。佛境对意境的影响不宜夸大。“境”的心灵感受空间的内涵并不是佛教所赋予的，早在庄子那里就已经在这个意义上用“境”。我们所说的佛家“境界”是我们中国汉语言对佛教典籍中的“Visaya”的译称，所以用“境界”而不用其它的词，已经包含了我们对于“Visaya”的一种理解，这种理解同我们对于“境界”意义的理解是对应的，于是我们才选用“界”去译称“Visava”。因此说，“境界”是我们中国本土的，其精神层面的内涵也是我们自己赋予的，只是用“境界”译称梵语“Visaya”后，佛教思想赋予了“境界”更深刻的精神内涵。意境的真正完成包括创作、文本、欣赏三个环节，它的生成过程就是在作者、作品、读者的链条中往复生成的流动过程，抛开欣赏一维而言意境是不可理解的。创作主体虚静的心胸是意境得以生成的心理前提，语符编码是意境和意象物化的主要媒介。意境的存在与否更多取决于欣赏主体的体悟，意境这一生命的艺术空间存在于欣赏主体的心灵深处。作者澄怀，从自然中见出宇宙之道、生命之道；欣赏者澄怀以从艺术中观照这宇宙人生之道。所以说真正的艺术是寄寓宇宙哲理和生命之思的艺术，真正的艺术境界是最高的人生境界，是最自由、最理想的生命境界。文化诞生于人类对自身生命形态的意识，哲学是对生命意义和价值的追问，艺术则是这一追问的审美表达。意境这一范畴是艺术的，更是哲学的。中国的哲学是生命的哲学，艺术也是生命的艺术，因此从生命的角度审视意境，或可把握意境的本质。自然是生命的最本真形态，真正的艺术皆是生命的艺术。意境即是在“肇于自然”、“造乎自然”、“妙悟自然”的流程中建构的审美空间，对生命价值的追索，对人生真谛的思考，对自由理想的向往皆在这一空间凝积。所以说，艺术境界即是最高的人生境界，，是最自由的生命境界，是最深刻的哲学境界。从生命的意义上说，意境是属于全人类的。
[Abstract]:The artistic conception represents the highest achievement of Chinese classical art, accumulates the cultural essence of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, and condenses the literati's pursuit and meditation on the value of life. The birth of the artistic conception is the result of the ancient philosophy, and the life consciousness of the harmony between the man and the man is its most profound cultural background. The Confucian benevolence, Taoist heaven and the Taoism The Buddhist Taoism of Buddhism is one on the basis of cherishing life. The ultimate ideal of the three is the realization of human freedom, and freedom is the highest realm of life. "Tao" is the Philosophical Expression of life thinking, while mountain, water and Chuang-tzu's elephant lost make the pursuit of the value of life have a certain artistic connotation, and the artistic conception is this one. The aesthetic expression of questioning is the aesthetic construction of the thought of life in art. The realm of art is to convey the human philosophy of life, but the way to communicate is not to ask naked, but to appeal to a vivid aesthetic image.
The meaning of the mood of the Buddha should not be exaggerated. The connotation of the mind feeling space of the "border" is not given by Buddhism. The "realm" has been used in this sense as early as Chuang-tzu. The Buddhist "realm" we speak of is the translation of "Visaya" in the Chinese Han language to the Buddhist classics, so we use the "realm" instead of the others. The word, which contains our understanding of "Visaya", corresponds to our understanding of the meaning of "realm", so we choose "boundary" to translate called "Visava". Therefore, "the realm" is our native Chinese, and its spiritual connotation is also given by ourselves, only with the "realm". After the Sanskrit "Visaya" was translated, the Buddhist thought endowed the realm with a deeper spiritual connotation.
The real completion of the artistic conception includes three links: creation, text and appreciation. The process of generation is the flow process which is generated in the chain of the author, the works and the reader. The mood of the creative subject is the psychological premise that the artistic conception is born, and the coding of the symbol is the artistic conception and the image materialization. The main medium. The existence of the artistic conception depends more on the understanding of the appreciative subject. The artistic space of the artistic conception exists in the soul of the appreciative body. The author clarified the universe and the way of life from the nature; the appreciative illuminates the way of the universe from the art of art. So the true art is the universe. The art of philosophy and the thinking of life, the true realm of art is the highest realm of life, the most free and ideal realm of life.
Culture is born of human consciousness of its own life form. Philosophy is the meaning and price of life.
Art is the aesthetic expression of this questioning. The realm of artistic conception is artistic.
Chinese philosophy is the philosophy of life, and art is also the art of life.
From the perspective of life, we can examine artistic conception or grasp the essence of artistic conception.
Form, true art is the art of life.
The aesthetic space constructed in the process of "understanding the nature", the pursuit of life value, and human beings
The thinking of the true meaning and the yearning for the ideal of freedom are all gathered in this space.
Realm is the highest realm of life, the most free realm of life, and the most profound philosophical context.
In the sense of life, the artistic conception belongs to all mankind.

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：I01

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