从阿布拉姆斯的立论图式看先秦诸子的诗学观念

发布时间：2018-11-14 10:38

【摘要】：先秦诸子的诗学观念，在我国文艺美学史上占有很重要的地位，虽然还只是处于我国诗论美学思想发展的幼年时期，但是我国文艺美学史上一些最基本的要点，，却已经在他们的诗学思想中萌现出来了。由于先秦诸子的诗观基本上来自于不同的哲学观念和原则，其特点也就异彩纷呈。美国文学批评家阿布拉姆斯提出了有关艺术四要素理论，认为在一件艺术品中总的说来会有四种起作用的因素：模仿因素（艺术是一种模仿X实用因素（作品对鉴赏者发生的影响入表现因素（艺术是艺术家内心世界的外现）、客观因素（将艺术品看成是一个自足的统一体，它由自在地关联着的各个部分所组成，因而只能用它自身的存在形式所固有的标准来检验它）。这种设想是为了提供一种粗略的指南，借助这种简明概括的准则，我们可以高瞻远瞩，确定某种批评的实质是什么，而批评家的假设又是什么。在阿布拉姆斯立论图式的比照下，我们更清晰明了地发现：先秦诸子的诗学观念，儒家是典型的实用主义者，但不乏对诗和艺术客观性等的体验和探索，而道家试图完成对道的完美模仿和表现，倾向于表现主义和客观主义，对儒家笃信无疑的重大观念进行了革命性的变革。
[Abstract]:The poetics of the pre-Qin period occupies a very important position in the history of literary and artistic aesthetics in China, although it is only in the infancy of the development of the aesthetic thought of poetics in our country. However, some basic points in the history of Chinese literature and art have emerged in their poetic thoughts. Since the poetic views of the pre-Qin philosophers came from different philosophical concepts and principles, their characteristics were colorful. Abrams, an American literary critic, put forward the theory of the four elements of art. It is believed that in a work of art there are generally four factors that work: imitation factors (art is a practical factor of imitation) (the influence of the work on the performance of the connoisseur Art is the outward appearance of the artist's inner world Objective factors (see art as a self-contained entity consisting of parts that are freely connected, Therefore, it can only be tested by the standard inherent in its own form of existence. The idea is to provide a rough guide by which we can be far-sighted in determining what the nature of a criticism is and what the critics' assumptions are. Compared with Abrams' schemata, we find out more clearly that Confucianism is a typical pragmatist in the poetics of the pre-Qin period. However, there is no lack of experience and exploration of poetry and artistic objectivity, and Taoist attempts to complete the perfect imitation and expression of Tao tend to expressionism and objectivism. There was a revolutionary change in the great idea of Confucian belief.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：I206.2;I01

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