现代汉语词汇“返祖”现象研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 04:22

本文关键词： “返祖” 潜显理论动因认知心理　出处：《辽宁大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：词汇作为一面镜子，社会的发展变化最先在词汇上得以映现。关于词汇的发展变化的研究，已经取得了不菲的成果，并随着现代汉语词汇学研究方法不断创新，学术成果迭现。但是关于现代汉语词汇“返祖”现象的研究还略显薄弱。本文力求在前人研究的基础上，，从词汇的“返祖”现象入手，进一步对词汇的发展演变进行细致的探求。 “返祖”借用生物学术语，但只取其“二次出现”的概念，即语言中某一个词，或词义或者某一语言现象在语言发展的某个时期出现了，经历了或长或短的一段时间后沉淀了下来，在一定时期内不再被使用或广泛使用。但它们并没有永远沉淀下去，在语言发展的长河中，再一次浮现水面，重新被使用或广泛使用。将这种语言现象定义为“返祖”。由于该现象与词汇其他研究具一定的易混淆性，因此，须对此加以界定区分。并在分析分类的基础上，对为何产生此现象加以解释说明，本文在传统研究角度，诸如政治、经济、文化等社会角度的基础上，引入认知心理角度，对其产生原因进行更深一步的解释说明。研究过程中结合具体实例加以描写说明。本文从三个方面对现代汉语对现代汉语词汇的“返祖”现象进行研究：首先，通过可利用的字典辞书报纸图书杂志及网络对现代汉语词汇发展演变中的“返祖”现象进行收集，分析其“返祖”的细化分类；再次结合“显性——潜性”理论分析描写；最后，在传统分析成因的基础上，从认知心理学的角度解释其原因。本文描写现象与解释说明其产生动因相结合，语言描写是对其进行解释的基础，对语言进行解释则是语言研究的一种重要方式，对语言做了充分且合理的解释又十分有助于对语言规律的描写以及对语言的实际应用。本文在坚持描写与解释相结合原则的同时，通过对大量语料实例的考察，对现代汉语词汇“返祖”现象尽可能细致充分的描写。而解释无疑把对现代汉语词汇发展演变过程中产生的“返祖”现象的认识进一步引向深入。
[Abstract]:Vocabulary as a mirror, the social development and change in the first words can be reflected. The research on the development and change of vocabulary has made great achievements, and with the development of modern Chinese lexicology research methods are constantly innovating. Academic achievements appear repeatedly. However, the research on the phenomenon of "atavism" of modern Chinese vocabulary is still slightly weak. This paper tries to start with the phenomenon of "atavism" of vocabulary on the basis of previous studies. Further to the development and evolution of the vocabulary to a detailed exploration. "atavism" uses biological terms, but only the concept of "secondary appearance", that is, a word in the language, or a word meaning or a language phenomenon appeared at a certain period of language development. After a long or short period of time, they precipitate and are no longer used or widely used for a certain period of time. However, they do not precipitate forever, and appear again in the long river of language development. This phenomenon is defined as "atavism" because of its confusion with other lexical studies. On the basis of analyzing and classifying, the author explains why this phenomenon arises. This article is based on the traditional research angle, such as politics, economy, culture and so on. This paper introduces the cognitive psychology angle to explain the causes. In the course of the study combined with specific examples to describe. This paper from three aspects of modern Chinese vocabulary to modern Chinese "atavism" phenomenon is studied: first of all. Through the available dictionary, dictionaries, newspapers, books, magazines and networks, the phenomenon of "atavism" in the development and evolution of modern Chinese vocabulary is collected, and the detailed classification of "atavism" is analyzed. Again combined with the "dominant-latent" theory analysis description; Finally, on the basis of the traditional analysis of the cause of formation, from the perspective of cognitive psychology to explain the reasons. This paper describes the phenomenon and explain the causes of its emergence, language description is the basis of its interpretation. The interpretation of language is an important way of language research. The full and reasonable explanation of language is very helpful to the description of language law and the practical application of language. This paper insists on the principle of combining description with explanation and through the investigation of a large number of examples of language data. The phenomenon of "atavism" in modern Chinese vocabulary is described as carefully and fully as possible, and the explanation undoubtedly leads to a deeper understanding of the phenomenon of "atavism" in the course of the development and evolution of modern Chinese vocabulary.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

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