《祖堂集》连动结构研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 04:15

本文选题：祖堂集　切入点：连动结构　出处：《浙江师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：连动结构一直受学者们的关注,当然也成为学者们争论的焦点。文章致力于晚唐五代时期具有口语色彩的《祖堂集》连动结构研究,从对《祖堂集》中连动结构的句法和语义分析看晚唐五代时期连动结构的特点,并参考国外理论,借鉴类型学视角下连动结构的描写框架,对《祖堂集》连动结构进行系统的考察和定量分析,通过分析可以看出汉语是比较典型的连动语言,各动词共享同一论元,表达复杂而完整的事件。连动结构是语法化程度较低的一种句法结构,在语法化过程中成不稳定态势,倾向于往单个动词结构发展,重新分析后产生了动结式、动趋式结构,这一语法化现象在《祖堂集》中也有所体现。文章共分六个部分。绪论部分主要论述连动结构的研究现状及对连动结构的理解。在晚唐五代时期连动结构普遍运用,而有些连动结构经过重新分析变为动补结构,后面的宾语由两个动词共有变为只单纯是V1所支配。语法学界对连动结构存在着纷争,主要有以下三方面：存废与否问题；界定标准问题；语义关系问题。此外还将简单地介绍连动结构与形近结构之间的区别。分析各专家学者对连动结构的不同观点,提出其界定标准,为下文系统分析《祖堂集》连动结构提供了必要的理论依托。第一部分主要从句法形式方面分析《祖堂集》的连动结构,并结合跨语言视角下的类型学理论来看《祖堂集》连动结构的类型特点,发现连用的动词多是常式动词,这也符合《祖堂集》活泼轻快的语言风格。在穷尽式统计的基础上,本章还从联结词①的有无、连用动词的附加成分两个方面来归纳《祖堂集》中连动结构的类型。第二部分主要从语义方面分析《祖堂集》的连动结构,我们要根据上下文语境,正确的理解句子的结构和深层意义,找出词语之间的语义联系,避免可能造成的歧义。作为典型连动语言之一的汉语,连动结构在汉语句法中也占据着非常重要的地位。本章借鉴类型学理论框架中的连动结构原则,总结连动结构中动词与论元的关系、动词与动词之间的关系。第三部分进一步分析连动结构的否定形式。古汉语中连动结构虽具有类型学共性,但也有着独特性,如联结词“而”“以”的使用等。V,不V2式能否进入连动结构的否定式是本节讨论的重点。第四部分介绍《祖堂集》与同时期其他禅宗语录中连动结构进行比较分析,通过共时的比较,分析《祖堂集》与其他语录体典籍的相似和不同,为分析晚唐五代时期的语言面貌提供语料基础。结语部分论述了《祖堂集》中连动结构存在的重要性,总结了连动结构在语法、语义等方面的规律,判断了V不C结构性质,同时指出本文在写作过程中遇到的困惑与存在的问题。
[Abstract]:The contiguous structure has always been concerned by scholars, and of course it has also become the focus of controversy among scholars. This article is devoted to the study of the contiguous structure of the spoken language of the late Tang and the five dynasties. From the syntactic and semantic analysis of the contiguous structure in "Zu Tang Collection", this paper looks at the characteristics of the contiguous structure in the late Tang and the five dynasties, and refers to the foreign theories and the descriptive framework of the contiguous structure from the perspective of typology. Through the systematic investigation and quantitative analysis of the contiguous structure of "Zu Tang Collection", we can see that Chinese is a typical continuous verb language, and all verbs share the same argument. Expressing complex and complete events. The conjunctive structure is a kind of syntactic structure with low grammaticalization, which is unstable in the process of grammaticalization and tends to develop into a single verb structure. This grammaticalization phenomenon is also reflected in Zu Tang Collection, which is divided into six parts. The introduction mainly discusses the research status and understanding of the continuous motion structure. In the late Tang and five dynasties, the continuous motion structure was widely used, while some of the continuous motion structure was reanalyzed into the movement-complement structure. The latter object is changed from two common verbs to being dominated by only V1. There are disputes in grammatical circles on the contiguous structure, which mainly include the following three aspects: the question of whether or not to save or not, the problem of defining standard; In addition, the paper briefly introduces the difference between the contiguous structure and the form-near structure, and analyzes the different viewpoints of the experts and scholars on the contiguous structure, and puts forward the definition criteria of the contiguous structure. It provides the necessary theoretical support for the following systematic analysis of the contiguous structure. The first part mainly analyzes the conjunctive structure of Zutang set from the aspect of syntactic form, and combines the typology theory from the perspective of cross-language to see the type characteristics of the conjunctive structure of Zutang set. It is found that the verbs used in conjunction are mostly regular verbs. This also accords with the lively and brisk language style of "Zutang Collection". On the basis of exhaustive statistics, this chapter also sums up the types of conjunctive structures in "Zutang set" from two aspects: the existence or not of the associative word 1 and the additive elements of the associative verbs. The second part mainly analyzes the conjunctive structure of Zutang set from the semantic aspect. We should correctly understand the structure and the deep meaning of the sentence according to the context of the context, and find out the semantic relation between the words. Chinese, as one of the typical connective languages, also occupies a very important position in Chinese syntax. This chapter draws lessons from the principle of connective structure in the framework of typology. The relation between verb and argument and the relation between verb and verb are summarized. The third part further analyzes the negative form of continuous structure. Although it has general typology in ancient Chinese, it also has its own uniqueness. Such as the use of the conjunction "and" "Yi" and so on, whether the negative form of "V _ 2" can enter the contiguous structure is the focus of discussion in this section. The 4th part introduces the comparative analysis of the contiguous structure between the Zu Tang Collection and other Zen quotations in the same period. Through the synchronic comparison, the similarities and differences between the Zutang Collection and other quotations are analyzed. For the analysis of the language features of the late Tang and the five dynasties to provide the basis of the language. The conclusion discusses the importance of the existence of the conjunctive structure in the "Zu Tang Collection", sums up the rules of the conjunctive structure in grammar and semantics, and judges the nature of the V non-C structure. At the same time, this paper points out the puzzlement and existing problems in the process of writing.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H141

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