“句子类型标示假定”与疑问语气的句法标示

发布时间：2018-03-08 14:28

本文选题：句子类型标示假定　切入点：疑问语气标示　出处：《语言科学》2012年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】："句子类型标示假定"的提出对于包括乔姆斯基本人在内的诸多生成语法学家的研究都产生了深远的影响。然而,从更广泛的语言事实来看,"句子类型标示假定"中所蕴含的三个重要论断都是不成立的。该假定不能成立的深层次原因在于把疑问词是否移位和疑问助词的使用与否这两个性质和功能完全不同的语法手段放在同一个平面上进行非此即彼的跨语言类型比较。此外,旨在建立一种仅仅解释特指问句的句子标示类型的做法存在根本性的偏差,更有意义的做法应该是建立一个针对整个疑问语气类型的句法标示跨语言类型。文章认为,人类语言中疑问语气类型在句法上的标示是通过在标句词位置C上使用疑问助词,在屈折范畴位置I上使用疑问助词,中心语成分移位至C位置以及在I位置上进行句法重叠这四种方式来实现的。
[Abstract]:The hypothesis of sentence type indication has had a profound influence on the studies of generative linguists, including Chomsky himself. In view of the broader linguistic facts, the three important arguments contained in the hypothesis of sentence Type indication are all untrue. The underlying reason why this assumption does not hold lies in whether the interrogative words are shifted or not and the use of interrogative auxiliary words. Whether or not these two grammatical devices of completely different nature and function are placed on the same plane to make a cross-linguistic comparison of one or the other. There is a fundamental deviation in establishing a sentence-indicating type that only interprets specific questions. A more meaningful approach should be to establish a syntactic marker cross-linguistic type for the entire interrogative mood type. The syntactic indication of interrogative mood types in human language is to use interrogative auxiliary words in position C of marker words and interrogative auxiliary words in position I of flexion category. The shift of the central component to the C position and the syntactic overlap in the I position are implemented.
【作者单位】：澳门大学社会科学及人文学院中文系;华中师范大学语言与语言教育研究中心;华中师范大学外国语学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“语法原则与汉语特殊句式”(批准号:2009JJD740011);教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”(批准号:NECT-06-0674) 华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金科研项目丹桂计划“汉英疑问句的生成机制及相关句法问题”(批准号:120002040653)的资助
【分类号】：H04

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