生命性信息对汉语关系从句加工的影响

发布时间：2018-03-28 05:02

本文选题：汉语　切入点：关系从句　出处：《大连理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉语不同于拼音文字,在词汇、语法等很多方面与英语等语言存在差异,一些西语中的语言规则不能在汉语中同样适用。在大多数语言中,对于关系从句的研究结果表明主语关系从句比宾语关系从句更容易理解,即主语关系从句的加工优势,但这种普遍存在的主语从句的加工优势在汉语中受到了挑战。对于汉语中主语关系从句和宾语关系从句的加工优势的的争议也一直无定论。本研究使用事件相关电位(ERP)技术对汉语中主语关系从句和宾语关系从句的加工进行比较分析。通过两个事件相关电位实验设计,研究了两类关系从句在理解难度上的差异。同时,通过控制从句中两个论元的生命性,本研究还探讨了生命性信息对关系从句加工的影响。实验一采用的刺激句中从句动词的两个论元均为生命性名词,目的是研究主语关系从句与宾语关系从句的加工差异。实验结果显示,两类关系从句在从句区域表现出显著的差异性。主语关系从句诱发更大的ERP振幅,因此更难理解。但是,在关系标志“的”以及中心语的位置没有发现两类从句存在差异。宾语关系从句在主句动词位置诱发比主语关系从句稍大的P600成分,因此更难加工实验二控制了从句动词的论元生命性,刺激句中从句主语为生命性名词,从句宾语为非生命性名词。在关系从句标志“的”以及“的”之前的关系从句区域,主语关系从句都显示出更大的ERP波形,比宾语关系从句更难加工。但是,在中心语和主句动词位置,实验结果显示宾语关系从句更难加工。宾语关系从句引发的这一理解难度符合视角转换理论的假设,原因在于非生命性名词更少作为句子中心语出现。通过比较两个实验的结果,本研究证明生命性信息有助于论元角色的指派,因而影响关系从句的加工。论元生命性差异使得角色的指派更加容易,并且改变了主语关系从句和宾语关系从句的加工难度差异。在一些词语区域它降低了从句的加工难度,而在另一些区域则增加了加工难度。两个实验的结果证明了生命性信息对汉语从句加工的重要作用,即在加工一开始生命性就被作为阅读者理解句意的重要线索。
[Abstract]:Chinese is different from phonetic characters in many aspects, such as vocabulary, grammar and so on. Some western language rules can not be applied in Chinese. In most languages, The results of the research on the relative clauses show that the subject-relation clauses are easier to understand than the object relative clauses, that is, the processing advantages of the subject-relational clauses. However, the processing advantage of this common subject-clause sentence has been challenged in Chinese, and the controversy over the processing advantage of subject-relation clause and object-related clause in Chinese has been inconclusive. This study uses the event-related potential (ERP) technique to compare and analyze the processing of subject-related clauses and object-related clauses in Chinese. This paper studies the differences in understanding difficulty between the two kinds of relative clauses and discusses the influence of life information on the processing of relational clauses by controlling the livability of two arguments in clauses. In experiment one, the two arguments of the verb in the stimulus sentence are both life nouns. The purpose of the experiment is to study the processing difference between the subject-relation clause and the object relative clause. There are significant differences between the two types of relative clauses in the clause region. The subject-relational clause induces a larger ERP amplitude and is therefore more difficult to understand. There is no difference between the two kinds of clauses in the position of the relation marker "" and the head. The object relation clause induces a slightly larger P600 component than the subject-relation clause in the position of the subject verb, so it is more difficult to process. Experiment 2 controls the argument life of the verb in the clause, the subject of the stimulus sentence is the life noun, the object of the clause is the inanimate noun. The subject-relative clauses show larger ERP waveforms, which are more difficult to process than the object-related clauses. The experimental results show that the object relative clause is more difficult to process, and the difficulty of understanding the object relation clause is consistent with the hypothesis of perspective shift theory, because inanimate nouns appear less as the central sentence. By comparing the results of the two experiments, this study proves that life information is helpful to the assignment of argument roles, thus affecting the processing of relative clauses. It also changes the difficulty difference between the subject relation clause and the object relation clause. In some word regions, it reduces the processing difficulty of the clause. The results of two experiments show that the vital information plays an important role in the processing of Chinese clauses, that is, it is regarded as an important clue for readers to understand the meaning of sentences from the beginning of processing.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146.3

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