基于双通道模式的非汉字圈学生形声字习得的研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 05:29

本文选题：书写系统　切入点：双通道路径　出处：《江西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于以拼音文字为母语的教学对象习惯运用音形规则系统即语音路径习得语言单位，当他们在习得其它语言系统的单位时，就会不自觉地带有明显的语音路径倾向。然而汉字是表意文字，由三部分组成，包括字音、字形和字义，所以汉字并不能像拼音文字那样直接看词知音。但是汉字中的形声字的字形可以在一定程度上反映出汉字字音和字义。形声字带有明显表音义成分，可以在一定程度上知道字义，，由字形联通字义，依照字形辅助认读字音，这一路径被称为词汇路径。基于这样的特点，形声字的习得可以使用双通道路径模式进行学习。这样既不违背学习者的认知规律，又为外国人习得汉字提供了更加有效的认知习得方法。本研究立足于双通道模式理论，通过课堂教学实验的研究方法，探索双通道模式教学路径的可行性和合理性，以改进原有的学习语言的单一路径模式。本研究的被试为马达加斯加在校大学生32人，平均年龄在19岁，且有较强的学习基础和学习汉语的兴趣。被试分为实验组和控制组，每组16人，由两位有经验的教师分别按实验设计进行教学和测试。实验组采取双通道路径模式习得汉字，从语音路径和词汇路径两方面着手。而控制组采取适应被试习得第一语言的认知规律和习惯的习得路径——语音路径习得汉字。经过时间为三周的教学，使用SPSS软件对实验组和控制组的成绩进行比较，进行T检验的比较。实验结果证明，与单通道模式相比，双通道路径模式确实对非汉字圈学生习得汉字更高效，并且可以帮助学生在记忆汉字上达到长期巩固记忆的效果。综上所述，以双通道路径模式进行汉字教学符合汉字习得的特点，为汉字教学提供了新思路与新路径，给从事对外汉语教学的汉语教师们以启示。同时也为非汉字圈学生学习汉字提供了科学有效的学习方法。
[Abstract]:Because students who use phonetics as their mother tongue are accustomed to using phonetic rules, that is, phonetic path acquisition of language units, when they are acquiring units of other language systems, However, Chinese characters are ideographic characters, which are composed of three parts, including phonetic, glyph and meaning. Therefore, Chinese characters can not be read directly as pinyin characters. But the shapes of phonetic characters in Chinese characters can to some extent reflect the pronunciation and meaning of Chinese characters. Phonetic characters have obvious phonetic elements. You can know the meaning of a word to some extent, connect the meaning of a character by the font, and recognize the pronunciation according to the aid of the font. This path is called the lexical path. The acquisition of pictophonetic characters can be studied by using the two-channel path mode, which not only does not violate the cognitive rules of the learners, but also provides a more effective cognitive acquisition method for foreigners in the acquisition of Chinese characters. This study is based on the theory of two-channel mode and explores the feasibility and rationality of double-channel teaching path through the research method of classroom teaching experiment. In order to improve the single path model of learning language, the subjects in this study were 32 Malagasy college students with an average age of 19 years, and had a strong learning foundation and interest in learning Chinese. The subjects were divided into experimental group and control group. 16 students in each group were taught and tested by two experienced teachers according to the experimental design. The control group adopted the acquisition path adapted to the cognitive rules and habits of the first language of the subjects to acquire Chinese characters. After three weeks of teaching, the control group adopted the phonetic path to acquire Chinese characters. SPSS software was used to compare the scores of the experimental group and the control group, and the T-test was carried out. The experimental results showed that, compared with the single-channel mode, the two-channel path mode was indeed more efficient for non-Chinese character circle students to acquire Chinese characters. And can help students to memorize Chinese characters to achieve long-term memory consolidation effect. To sum up, the two-channel path mode of Chinese character teaching conforms to the characteristics of Chinese character acquisition, and provides a new way of thinking and new path for Chinese character teaching. At the same time, it provides a scientific and effective learning method for non-Chinese circle students to learn Chinese characters.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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