基于评价理论的“农民工”新闻报道积极话语分析

发布时间：2018-04-01 06:54

本文选题：评价理论　切入点：“农民工”新闻报道　出处：《湖南科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：话语分析自提出以来便一直受到语言学界的广泛关注，但是纵观话语分析产生和发展的全过程不难发现批评话语分析是学者们关注的焦点。基于解构主义哲学基础上的批评话语分析关注的是语篇中所体现出来的权势的不平等，即语言与权力意识的关系。但事实上并非所有的话语都隐含着不平等的话语关系。针对批评话语分析的不足，Martin提出了积极话语分析。Martin认为，，语言分析的对象不应该只是一些含有不平等的“坏新闻”，也应该包括那些主张和平的“好新闻”。积极话语分析并非要彻底推翻批评话语分析的理论根基和分析方法，而是主张以积极的态度来看待和解决各种社会矛盾，希望通过话语分析提倡和创建一个和谐社会。基于此，本文将以评价理论为理论基础，以China Daily(2008-2012)评论版中10篇关于“农民工”的新闻报道为研究对象，采用定性分析和定量分析相结合的方法，对“农民工”新闻报道语篇进行积极话语分析。文章主要围绕以下问题进行论述：各评价资源在“农民工”新闻报道中的分布规律如何；各评价资源在“农民工”新闻报道中对促进“农民工”问题的解决上有何积极作用。研究结果表明：（1）“农民工”新闻报道中态度子系统主要通过判断和鉴赏子系统表达，情感子系统所占比例相对较少。从积极话语分析角度看，情感资源尤其是消极情感资源以及部分鉴赏资源的使用能通过移情达到联盟读者的效果；判断资源尤其是对政府采取有效措施解决农民工问题的积极判断有利于增强民众解决问题的信心。（2）介入子系统中，情态资源的使用远超过投射和让步两种资源。从积极话语分析角度看，投射资源以及部分情态词的使用能扩展对话空间，增加和解农民工问题的可能性；而道义情态词的使用为解决农民工问题指明了方向。（3）级差子系统中，作者偏爱使用语势资源，且强度子系统所占比例远超过数量子系统。从积极话语分析角度看，语势资源一方面能凸显情感上的一致性，另一方面能凸显急需解决农民工问题的迫切性。本文基于评价理论从积极话语分析视角对“农民工”新闻报道语篇进行研究，既有利于扩展和完善积极话语分析这一新视角，又有利于引导人们用积极的态度看待“农民工”问题，引发各界对“农民工”群体的关注，进而促进和谐社会的建设。
[Abstract]:Discourse analysis has been widely concerned by the linguists since it was put forward. However, it is not difficult to find that critical discourse analysis is the focus of scholars' attention during the whole process of its emergence and development. Critical discourse analysis based on deconstruction philosophy focuses on the inequality of power embodied in discourse. That is, the relationship between language and power consciousness, but in fact, not all utterances imply unequal discourse relations. In view of the shortcomings of critical discourse analysis, Martin put forward the positive discourse analysis. The object of language analysis should not only be "bad news" containing inequality, but also "good news" that advocates peace. Positive discourse analysis is not intended to completely overthrow the theoretical foundation and analytical methods of critical discourse analysis. Instead, it advocates to treat and solve various social contradictions in a positive manner and hopes to promote and build a harmonious society through discourse analysis. Based on this, this paper will take the evaluation theory as the theoretical basis, take the 10 news reports about "migrant workers" in the China Daily 2008-2012 comment board as the research object, and adopt the method of combining qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. This paper makes a positive discourse analysis on the news reports of "migrant workers". The article mainly discusses the following questions: how are the distribution of evaluation resources in the news reports of "migrant workers"; The evaluation resources play a positive role in promoting the solution of the problem of "migrant workers" in the news reports of "migrant workers". The results show that:. 1) the attitude subsystem of "peasant workers" news report mainly expressed through judgment and appreciation subsystem, the proportion of emotion subsystem was relatively small. From the perspective of positive discourse analysis, the attitude subsystem was mainly expressed by judgment and appreciation subsystem. The use of emotional resources, especially negative emotional resources and some appreciation resources, can achieve the effect of alliance readers through empathy; Judging resources, especially the positive judgment that the government should take effective measures to solve the problem of migrant workers, is helpful to strengthen the confidence of the people to solve the problem. From the perspective of positive discourse analysis, the use of projective resources and some modal words can expand the dialogue space and increase the possibility of reconciling the problems of migrant workers; And the use of the deontic modal word points out the direction to solve the problem of migrant workers. (3) in the differential subsystem, the author prefers to use the potential resource, and the proportion of the intensity subsystem is much higher than that of the quantitative subsystem. From the perspective of positive discourse analysis, the potential resource can highlight the emotional consistency on the one hand. On the other hand can highlight the urgent need to solve the problem of migrant workers urgency. Based on the evaluation theory, this paper studies the news discourse of migrant workers from the perspective of positive discourse analysis, which is helpful to expand and perfect the new perspective of positive discourse analysis. It is also helpful to guide people to treat the issue of "migrant workers" with a positive attitude, and to arouse the attention of all walks of life to the group of "migrant workers", thus promoting the construction of a harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H030;G212

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