心理动词构建“主谓—宾语（主谓短语）”句型的实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 17:00

本文选题：心理动词 + “主谓-宾语(主谓短语)句型”　；参考：《华中师范大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：本文从实证的角度出发,以计算机语料库中的大型博客语料数据为基础,提取符合心理动词构建“主谓-宾语(主谓短语)”句型的313个句子,对这种句型所包含的句法、语义成分和句法关系、语义关系,以及所包含的全部句型结构以及所包含的全部句法结构、语义结构进行定性、定量的分析和描述。目的是全面、准确、深入了解在自然语言中这种句型的句法语义构成、特征、关系和使用情况分布等,与理论研究相互验证。第一章主要梳理了心理动词研究和心理动词构建“主谓-宾语(主谓短语)”句型的研究线索和脉络。首先对语言学界对心理动词的分类情况进行了简要说明。然后对心理动词构建“主谓-宾语(主谓短语)”句型的进行了研究综述。考证了句型的历史渊源、句型性质、在结构上的归属,句子中各构成成分句法、语义的研究情况以及功能归属等。对本文的研究内容、研究方法等做出了说明。第二章着重于对博客语料库中的心理动词及在“主谓-宾语(主谓短语)”句型中的总体语法构成进行分类统计。首先统计了男女共用心理动词在数据库中的分布情况,然后再统计心理动词在“主谓-宾语(主谓短语)”句型中的总体使用情况,归纳出具体的句型,并根据心理动词的结构、语义指向的不同,划分出认知、情感、意愿等三类下位句型。最后对心理动词在博客语料库中与在“主谓-宾语(主谓短语)”句型中的语法分布、分类关系进行了考察。第三章对心理动词构建“主谓-宾语(主谓短语)”句型的句法情况进行分类考察与分析。对认知、情感、意愿三类心理动词句型所包含的句法成分和句法关系进行深入的分析与描述。分别统计了大主语部分、大谓语部分和大宾语部分的的句法形式,以小谓语为中心对句法结构进行了总结归纳,得出心理动词带主谓短语做宾语有11种14类语法形式。宾语中的小谓语从功能上看有名词性、动词性、形容词性三类,以动词性谓语为主。第四、第五章重点是对心理动词构建“主谓-宾语(主谓短语)”句型的句法语义情况进行分类考察与分析。在句法分析的基础上对认知、情感、意愿三类心理动词句型中隐含的语义分和语义关系进行分析与归纳。首先对大主语的语义成分和语义特征进行分析,得出其有6种语义角色。然后对大谓语中心语进行了语义特征分析和义素分析,发现大谓语在语义特征上指向人的认知、情感、意愿活动的某个方面；接着对大谓语内部的组合关系进行了语义结构关系分析,归纳出54种语义结构形式。之后再对大宾语中的小主语、小谓语的语义特征和语义组合关系分别进行统计与分析,归纳出主谓短语做宾语的12种语义结构形式。第六章是总结。主要是对数据库处理语料与本体研究相结合的研究路径进行一个简单的回顾与反思。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the data of large blogs in the computer corpus, we extract 313 sentences which accord with the psychological verb to construct the sentence pattern of "subject-predicate (subject-predicate phrase)".The semantic components and syntactic relations, semantic relations, and all the sentence patterns and syntactic structures included are analyzed and described qualitatively and quantitatively.The purpose is to comprehensively, accurately and thoroughly understand the syntactic and semantic structure, characteristics, relationship and usage distribution of this sentence pattern in natural language, and verify it with theoretical research.The first chapter mainly combs the research clue and the vein of the sentence pattern of "subject-predicate-object (subject-predicate phrase)" in the study of psychological verbs and the construction of psychological verbs.First of all, the classification of psychological verbs in linguistic circles is briefly explained.Then it summarizes the construction of the subject-predicate-object (subject-predicate phrase) sentence pattern of psychological verbs.This paper examines the historical origin of sentence patterns, the nature of sentence patterns, the structural attribution, the syntactic structure of each component of sentences, the study of semantics and functional attribution, and so on.The research contents and methods of this paper are explained.The second chapter focuses on the classification of psychological verbs in the blog corpus and the overall grammatical structure in the sentence pattern of "subject-predicate-object (subject-predicate phrase)".Firstly, the distribution of male and female common psychological verbs in the database is analyzed, then the general usage of psychological verbs in the sentence pattern of subject-predicate (subject-predicate phrase) is analyzed, and the concrete sentence patterns are summarized.According to the structure and semantic direction of psychological verbs, three kinds of subordinate sentence patterns, such as cognition, emotion and will, are divided.Finally, the grammatical distribution and classification of psychological verbs in the blog corpus and the sentence pattern of subject-predicate (subject-predicate phrase) are investigated.Chapter three classifies and analyzes the syntactic situation of the construction of "subject-predicate-object (subject-predicate phrase)".This paper analyzes and describes the syntactic components and syntactic relations of the three mental verb sentence patterns: cognition, emotion and willingness.The syntactic forms of the big subject part, the big predicate part and the big object part are counted, and the syntactic structure is summarized with the small predicate as the center. It is concluded that there are 11 kinds of 14 kinds of grammatical forms of the psychological verb with the subject-predicate phrase as the object.The small predicates in objects are functionally nominal, verb and adjective, mainly verb predicates.Fourth, the fifth chapter focuses on the classification and analysis of the syntactic and semantic situation of the construction of "subject-predicate-object (subject-predicate phrase)" of psychological verbs.On the basis of syntactic analysis, this paper analyzes and induces the semantic subdivision and semantic relationship implied in three kinds of mental verb sentence patterns: cognition, emotion and willingness.Firstly, the semantic components and semantic features of the large subject are analyzed, and six semantic roles are obtained.Then the semantic features and semememes of the large predicate head are analyzed and it is found that the large predicate points to a certain aspect of human cognition emotion and willingness in semantic features.Then, the semantic structure relation of the composition relation within the large predicate is analyzed, and 54 kinds of semantic structure forms are concluded.After that, the semantic characteristics and semantic combination relations of small subject and small predicate in large object are statistically analyzed, and 12 kinds of semantic structure forms of subject-predicate phrase as object are summed up.The sixth chapter is a summary.It is a brief review and reflection on the research path of the combination of database processing corpus and ontology research.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】