论文答辩中微观语用身份的建构

发布时间：2018-04-28 12:03

本文选题：身份 + 身份建构　；参考：《兰州理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：身份是“自我和他人在社会网络中的定位”(BucholtzHall,2005:586),已经成为人文科学和社会科学中一个值得关注的中心议题(Paul du Gay等,2000：1)。在建构的语言身份理论影响下,身份被认为是人们在话语及社会实践中不断建构的动态过程,具体情境中的语言运用对身份建构发挥着重要的作用。越来越多的学者开始关注并研究言语交际过程中变化的、流动的话语身份建构。在此背景下,根据Zimmerman (1998:88)对“话语身份”这一概念的阐述,本文对微观语用身份进行了界定,基于Wenger(1998)的实践社区理论和Verschueren(1999)的语言顺应论相结合的身份建构语用分析框架,致力于研究在论文答辩中交际者微观语用身份的建构过程,即阐释在特定的实践社区中特定的话语身份产生的具体过程和原因,以期探究学术会话互动语境中交际者话语身份的建构本质。本研究主要试图弄清三个问题：1)论文答辩中交际者通过哪些语言形式和策略建构了什么样的微观语用身份?2)这些不同的微观语用身份是如何建构的?3)为什么要建构这些身份? 为回答这些问题,我们选取了包括英汉两种语言的共5篇博士论文作为语料进行分析,研究发现：a)在论文答辩的过程中,答辩学生主要构建了四种微观语用身份,即答辩者,研究者,论文向导,答辩共同体成员身份；b)答辩教师建构的微观语用身份类型较为丰富,主要有专家,导师,考官,答辩主席,答辩成员,同事,外行人,教育家身份等。c)身份建构过程中主要用到了指示语,模糊限制语,话论转换,共同话题,模糊策略,礼貌原则等语言形式和策略。d)论文答辩中交际者的微观语用身份呈现出多重性和流动性的特点。研究表明论文答辩中交际者话语身份的多重性和流动性是说话人为了维护自己和他人的面子而选择不同的语言形式和策略来顺应礼貌原则和权势原则的结果。身份建构的本质是会话者为实现一定的交际目的而做出的调整适应性言语行为。从理论角度讲,这一研究不仅利于观察和分析交际者在特定实践社区中的身份构建现象,帮助人们更清楚地理解顺应论对于话语分析的指导意义,也为以后从事学术话语分析的研究者提供了一个全新的视角。在应用上,论文答辩中微观语用身份的建构,有助于该实践社区的学习者充分认识到语言在建构身份中的重要作用,从而有意识地运用语言加强某些身份特征对答辩话语产生的积极影响,最大化地实现自己的交际目的,对人们在其它语境中开展成功的语言交际具有一定的指导作用。
[Abstract]:Identity is "the orientation of self and others in the Social Network." it has become a central issue in the humanities and social sciences, such as Paul du Gay et al., 2000: 1. Under the influence of the theory of language identity, identity is regarded as the dynamic process of people's construction in discourse and social practice. Language use in specific situations plays an important role in the construction of identity. More and more scholars begin to pay attention to and study the changing and flowing discourse identity construction in the process of verbal communication. In this context, according to the definition of "discourse identity" given by Zimmerman / 1998: 88), this paper defines the micro-pragmatic identity, which combines the community of practice theory based on Wengerli (1998) and the linguistic adaptation theory of Verschueren (1999). This paper is devoted to the study of the process of constructing the pragmatic identity of the communicator in the defense of the thesis, that is, to explain the specific process and reasons for the emergence of the specific discourse identity in a specific community of practice. The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of communicative discourse identity in the interactive context of academic conversation. This study attempts to find out three questions: 1) what language forms and strategies do the communicators construct in the thesis reply? (2) how the different micropragmatic identities are constructed) and why should they be constructed? In order to answer these questions, we selected five doctoral papers, including English and Chinese, as corpus. The study found that in the process of thesis defense, the respondent students mainly constructed four micro-pragmatic identities, that is, the respondent. The types of micro-pragmatic identity constructed by the respondent teachers are rich, such as experts, mentors, examiners, defense presidents, defense members, colleagues, laymen, etc. In the process of identity construction, deixis, hedges, conversational transformation, common topics, fuzzy strategies are mainly used in the process of identity construction. Politeness principle and other language forms and strategies. The study shows that the multiplicity and fluidity of the communicative discourse identity in the thesis defense is the result of the speaker choosing different language forms and strategies to conform to the politeness principle and the power principle in order to protect the face of himself and others. The essence of identity construction is the adaptive speech act made by the conversator to achieve a certain communicative purpose. Theoretically speaking, this study not only helps to observe and analyze the phenomenon of identity construction of communicators in a particular community of practice, but also helps people to understand more clearly the guiding significance of adaptation theory in discourse analysis. It also provides a new perspective for future researchers engaged in academic discourse analysis. In application, the construction of micro-pragmatic identity in thesis defense is helpful for learners in this practical community to fully realize the important role of language in the construction of identity. Therefore, the conscious use of language to strengthen the positive influence of certain identity features on the defense discourse, to maximize their communicative purpose, and to guide people to carry out successful language communication in other contexts.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H313;H136

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