趋向补语“起来”“上去”“出来”引申义对比研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 16:19

本文选题：趋向补语 + 动趋搭配　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：趋向补语不仅是我们日常生活中常用的语法现象之一，同时也是留学生学习汉语时必须要掌握的语法难点之一，而且经过组合后得到的复合趋向补语虽然在基本义上是反义对称的，但在其引申义上往往呈现出不对称的特点，甚至有时不同的复合趋向补语也可表达相似的意思。本文将以“起来”、“上去”、“出来”为例，首先考察各动词与其搭配能力并在前人研究的基础上重点考察趋向补语“起来”“上去”“出来”对各动词的选择性及吸收特点；其次，探究这三个趋向补语在表达相似意义时各自的特点。本文共分为六部分，其中第一章主要为文献综述，介绍了研究背景和研究意义，包括对国内外研究进行了简单的综述，最后提出了研究的意义以及研究方法。第二章为趋向补语概说。本章主要论述了趋向补语的含义、语法意义以及动趋式中动词与趋向补语间的关系问题并在前人的研究基础上笔者总结了几点关键点，同时提出了自己的看法。第三章至第五章分别在动趋搭配统计的基础上，详细地论述了“上去”、“出来”和“起来”的动趋搭配情况以及动趋搭配的相互影响规律。最后，第六章对趋向补语“上去”、“出来”和“起来”的引申义进行辨析，尤其是针对对外汉语教学中外国学生难以掌握的“判断评价义”从语法和语义两个角度进行了详细分析。本文的创新点有如下几个方面： 1、以现代汉语动词词典的所有动词为基础，通过语料库逐一统计各动词与复合趋向补语“起来”、“上去”、“出来”的搭配情况； 2、在总结出能与这三个复合趋向补语相搭配的动词后，归纳分析出这些动词与趋向补语之间的相互影响规律，重点考察三个趋向补语对动词的选择性及吸收特点； 3、在留学生的汉语使用偏误中，，以“看起来”、“看上去”、“看出来”为代表，研究复合趋向补语在引申义相似的情况下各自的不同点。
[Abstract]:Directional complement is not only one of the grammatical phenomena commonly used in our daily life, but also one of the grammatical difficulties that foreign students must master when learning Chinese. Although the compound directional complement obtained by combination is antisense and symmetric in its basic meaning, it often shows the characteristics of asymmetry in its meaning, and sometimes different compound directional complement can express similar meaning. This article will take "get up", "go up", "come out" as an example, First of all, it examines the ability of each verb and its collocation, and on the basis of previous studies, focuses on the selectivity and absorption characteristics of the directional complement "up" and "up" and "out" on each verb. Explore the characteristics of these three directional complements in expressing similar meanings. This paper is divided into six parts. The first chapter is a literature review, which introduces the research background and significance, including a simple review of domestic and foreign research, and finally puts forward the significance of the research and research methods. The second chapter is the introduction of directional complement. This chapter mainly discusses the meaning of directional complement, the grammatical meaning and the relationship between verb and directional complement in movement-trend, and summarizes some key points on the basis of previous studies, and puts forward his own views at the same time. On the basis of the statistics of dynamic collocation, the third to fifth chapters discuss in detail the dynamic matching of "going up", "coming out" and "getting up", as well as the law of interaction between them. Finally, the sixth chapter discriminates the exhortations and meanings of the directional complement "go up", "come out" and "rise up". In particular, this paper makes a detailed analysis of "judging and evaluating meaning", which is difficult for foreign students to master in teaching Chinese as a foreign language from two aspects of grammar and semantics. The innovations of this paper are as follows: 1. On the basis of all the verbs in the modern Chinese verb dictionary, the collocation of each verb and the compound trend complement "rise", "go up" and "come out" is counted one by one through the corpus; (2) after summing up the verbs that can be matched with the three compound directional complements, the interaction between these verbs and the directional complements is analyzed, and the selectivity and absorption characteristics of the three directional complements to the verbs are investigated. 3. In the error of Chinese usage of foreign students, the differences of compound directional complement in the case of similar meanings are studied, represented by "look", "look" and "see out".
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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