“指人”类流行语的构式研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 08:34

本文选题：“指人”类流行语构式 + 构式义　；参考：《南京师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：流行语是指在某个时期内、在某个社群内广泛传播并被人们频繁使用的语言形式,包括语素、词汇、短语、句子和篇章,它能够反映社会的政治、经济和文化状况,反映人们的心理状态、思维模式和价值观念。“指人”类流行语是流行语的重要组成部分,它是具有指称功能的流行语,以词和短语为主要结构形式,与普通流行语一样,表达方式新颖奇特,能反映时代特征和大众心理。在形式上,“指人”类流行语一般用简单新奇的形式表达丰富的含义,并且常常在“模因”的作用下形成固定的格式。在功能上,“指人”类流行语不仅具有指称功能,而且十分形象生动,有很大一部分既来源于时尚又反映时尚。本文主要采用构式主义方法对2008年至2012年《咬文嚼字》评选出的“年度流行语”中的“指人”类流行语“X帝/控/族/二代”、“最美X”和“高富帅”等加以考察,考察的价值在于帮助人们更深入地理解“指人”类流行语,丰富汉语流行语的构式研究。首先,“X帝/控/族/二代”、“最美X”和“高富帅”类的三言式“指人”流行语都是短语构式,可以用来指称具有某种突出特点的人,在句子中可以做主语、宾语或定语等。其次,它们的构式成分各具特点。“X帝/控/族”中的“X”多由双音节的动词性或名词性成分充当,“X二代”中的“X”一般由单音节的形容词性成分充当,“帝/控/族/二代”的语义发生了一定程度的虚化,具有类词缀的性质。在“最美X”构式中,“最”的极性程度意义已经淡化,突出“平凡中的伟大”的含义,“最美”指人心灵善良、品德高尚,“X”都是“指人”名词,主要包括职业、身份、亲属称谓等。三言式“指人”流行语由三个单音节形容词构成,而且一般是模糊性形容词,它们的排列顺序常常是灵活的。最后,“X帝/控族/二代”、“最美X”和三言式“指人”流行语构式是在多方面因素的综合作用下形成的,主要包括构式压制、认知机制和心理机制等。从语用方面来看,促使它们产生的动因是语言的类推机制、语言的经济原则和语言修辞的作用。这些“指人”类流行语构式还具有丰富的语用功能,如凸显的焦点信息、动态的感情色彩以及引起听话者注意的交际意图等。
[Abstract]:Catchwords refer to language forms that are widely spread and frequently used within a community at a certain time, including morpheme, vocabulary, phrase, sentence and text, which can reflect the political, economic and cultural conditions of society. Reflect people's mental state, mode of thinking and values. As an important part of catchwords, "referring to people" is a catchword with referential function. With words and phrases as the main structural forms, the catchwords, like common catchwords, have strange expressions and can reflect the characteristics of the times and the psychology of the masses. In form, popular words such as "referring to people" usually express rich meanings in simple and novel forms, and often form a fixed form under the action of "meme". In function, the popular words of "referring to people" not only have referential function, but also are vivid and vivid, and a large part of them come from fashion as well as reflect fashion. This article mainly uses the constructionism method to investigate the "referring man" buzzwords "X emperor / control / clan / second generation", "the most beautiful X" and "Gao FuShuai", which are selected from 2008 to 2012. The value of the investigation lies in helping people to understand more deeply the catchwords of "referring to people" and enriching the study of the construction of Chinese buzzwords. First of all, "X emperor / control / clan / second generation", "most beautiful X" and "Gao Fu Shuai" type of three-word "refers to people" are phrase constructions, can be used to refer to people with some prominent characteristics, can be used as the subject in the sentence. An object or attribute, etc Secondly, their construction elements have their own characteristics. "X" in "X emperor / control / clan" is mostly served by the verb or noun element of double syllable, and "X" in "X second generation" is generally served by the adjective element of monosyllabic. The semantic meaning of "Emperor / control / clan / second generation" has a certain degree of vanity and has the property of affix-like. In the construction of "most beautiful X", the polar significance of "the most beautiful" has been desalinated, highlighting the meaning of "great in the ordinary". "most beautiful" means a person with a good heart and high moral character. "X" is a noun of "person", mainly including occupation and identity. Relative appellation, etc. The popular word "referring to a person" consists of three monosyllabic adjectives, which are usually fuzzy adjectives, and their order of arrangement is often flexible. Finally, the "X emperor / control clan / second generation", "the most beautiful X" and the "three-word" referring to human "catchword construction are formed under the comprehensive action of many factors, including construction suppression, cognitive mechanism and psychological mechanism and so on. From the pragmatic point of view, the motivation to produce them is the analogy mechanism of language, the economic principle of language and the function of language rhetoric. These popular constructions also have rich pragmatic functions, such as prominent focus information, dynamic emotional color and communicative intention that attracts the hearer's attention.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H136

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