口译潜能研究综述

发布时间：2018-06-06 22:05

本文选题：口译潜能 + 口译潜能测试方法　；参考：《华中科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：口译潜能的研究最早开始于上世纪60年代，初期研究较少并且集中在对于理想译员应具备的素质和技能的讨论上，但是近年来越来越多的国外研究者开始关注使用何种测试手段来测量口译潜能，为选拔有天赋口译学员的入学筛选考试提供指导。本研究回顾总结了国外关于口译潜能的研究，以填补口译潜能的综述性研究空白并为将来的进一步研究提供启示。本研究以1965年到2012年间在国外口译相关期刊所发表的有关口译潜能的文章为研究对象，试图从国外口译潜能研究概况以及口译潜能研究的范围这两个角度进行分析。对国外口译潜能研究的概况分析表明，，口译潜能研究经历了起步，转型,巩固与繁荣四个阶段；口译潜能研究者主要有职业译员，口译教师兼职业译员以及认知心理科学家三种，三类研究者之间加强合作成为口译潜能研究的主要趋势。在口译潜能研究范围方面，分析发现口译教师以及口译研究者对于能够在口译事业取得成功或者成为口译学员所应具备的潜能的观点基本一致；关于口译潜能测试的介绍性研究发现三所学校都使用了两种以上的测试手段来考察口译学员申请者的口译相关技能，但是这些测试程序也由于实行整体打分制来评测受试的表现而在一定程度上过于主观；而对四个追踪型口译潜能测试模型研究的分析表明测试手段能够检测出译员必备的语言认知技能和口头流利度，同时同义词产出则是口译潜能测试中一个较强的预测因子，但是几个模型在评分问题以及效度测量上仍有不足；对于18所口译学校的调查评估表明大部分学校使用概括，笔译以及短交传作为测试一系列口译潜能的手段并且建议将软技能也考虑在内以开发新的测试方法。另外，一些专家学者也对口译潜能测试的设计提出了一些新颖的提议。从关于口译潜能综述研究中可以获得如下启示：实证研究成为口译潜能研究使用的主要方法，并且注重与其他学科相结合，代表性作者较为集中，Moser，Russo等人的研究观点较大的影响了口译潜能研究的动向，可以积极开发同义词产出有关的测试形式，各培训项目间可加强合作以开发更有实际操作价值的口译潜能测试。
[Abstract]:The study of the potential of interpretation first began in the 60s of last century. The initial study was less and focused on the quality and skill of the ideal interpreter. However, in recent years, more and more foreign researchers began to pay attention to what kind of testing methods used to measure the potential of interpretation, and to select the entrance examination for talented interpreters. This study reviews and summarizes foreign studies on the potential of interpretation to fill the gaps in the potential of interpretation and provide insights for future further research.
This study aims at the research on the potential of interpretation published by foreign interpreters from 1965 to 2012, and tries to analyze the two perspectives of the research on the potential of foreign interpretation and the scope of the study of the potential of interpretation.
The general analysis of the study of foreign interpretation potential shows that the study of interpretation potential has experienced four stages: the beginning, the transformation, the consolidation and the prosperity; the interpreter potential researchers mainly have professional interpreters, interpretation teachers and professional interpreters and three cognitive psychological scientists, and the strengthening of cooperation among the three types of researchers has become the main trend of the study of interpretation potential.
In terms of the scope of the study of interpretation potential, it is found that the interpreter teachers and interpreters have the same views on the ability to succeed in the interpretation of the interpreter or to be the potential of the interpreter. An introductory study on the test of interpretation potential found that three schools have used more than two testing methods to examine the mouth. The interpretation related skills of applicants are translated, but the test procedures are too subjective to some extent by the implementation of the overall scoring system to evaluate the performance of the subjects; and the analysis of the four tracking model of the potential test model shows that the test means can detect the necessary language cognitive skills and oral fluency of the interpreters. At the same time, synonym output is a strong predictor in the test of interpretation potential, but several models still have shortcomings in scoring and validity measurement; the evaluation of 18 interpreters shows that most schools use generalizations, translation and short communication as a means to test a series of interpreters' potential and suggest that it will be soft. Skills are also taken into account to develop new testing methods. In addition, some experts and scholars have also made some new proposals for the design of interpretation potential test.
From the summary of interpretation potential, we can get the following enlightenment: empirical research becomes the main method of interpreting the potential of interpreting potential, and it pays attention to the combination of other subjects, the concentration of representative authors, Moser, Russo and others have a great influence on the research trend of interpretation potential, and can actively develop the output of synonyms. In the form of testing, cooperation among training programs can be enhanced to develop more practical interpreting potential tests.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H059

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