时长修正对口语自然度影响的研究
发布时间：2018-08-22 12:46
【摘要】：时长是语调产出中最重要的因素之一，且时长对日常生活的交际至关重要。本研究采用了语音合成技术及感知评价实验和访谈的方法，对元音、音高重音、以及单词间衔接处的时长修正是否对口语自然度产生影响分别进行了探讨。首先，对照本族语人的时长模式，使用Adobe Audition3.0软件分别对10个单词中的元音时长，以及10个多实义词短语中的音高重音和单词间衔接处的时长进行了修正。通过对比本族语和非本族语人的时长模式，发现：（1）非本族语人不仅容易混淆长短元音，而且易于产出时长不足的双元音。（2）非本族语人赋予每个音节以突显，他们往往将重读和非重读音节混为一谈，由此导致了音高重音时长远远短于本族语人。（3）非本族语人往往在单词间产出多余的停顿、自我修复、或者重复性语言，因此导致远远长于本族语人的单词间衔接处的时长。 此后进行了口语自然度的感知实验，实验中5个评分人对受试的语音材料进行了感知并按照9分制进行了自然度的评分。感知实验后，对5个评分人分别进行了结构化访谈以进一步了解时长修正的作用。自然度感知实验和访谈的结果均显示： （1）元音的时长修正一定程度上提高了口语自然度。非本族语人在产出单元音时更加清晰地意识到时长的不同，因此有利于区别松紧元音。另外，时长修正后的双元音使得产出的单词具备足够的时长和音素之间的滑动。 （2）音高重音的时长修正在一定程度上提高了口语的自然度。音高重音的修正使得短语中最重读的音节或单词因为修正后具备的类似本族语人的时长和足够的突显而比未修正时更加自然。并且，音高重音时长修正之后，，听者可以准确的抓住短语中的强调信息及说者的意图和态度，这对语言交际非常重要。 （3）单词衔接处的时长修正显著提高了口语的自然度。当非本族语人的语流被切除了多余的空白、自我修复和停顿后，单词间的衔接比之前更为紧密，且语流更加连贯通顺，由此促进了口语质量的显著提高。 （4）三者中，单词衔接处的时长修正对自然度的影响最大，其次是元音，而音高重音时长的修正对口语自然度的影响最小。 本文对学生口语中有关时长的几个重要的因素进行了详细的分析和研究，使我们认识到：（1）二语学习者在口语产出中对时长因素使用的严重不足；（2）调整这些因素可以显著提高口语质量。本文的研究结果和发现对二语学习和教学具有深远的意义。
[Abstract]:Duration is one of the most important factors in intonation. In this study, phonetic synthesis techniques, perception evaluation experiments and interviews were used to investigate whether vowels, pitch stresses, and the length of time between words have an effect on the naturalness of spoken English. First, the length of vowels in 10 words, the pitch stress in 10 multi-sense phrases and the length of time between words are modified by using Adobe Audition3.0 software in comparison with the native speaker's time-length model. The results are as follows: (1) the length of time of vowels in 10 words, and the length of stress in 10 phrases of multi-sense words, respectively, and the length of time between words. By comparing the duration patterns of native and non-native speakers, it is found that: (1) Non-native speakers not only tend to confuse short and short vowels, but also tend to produce divowels with insufficient duration. (2) Non-native speakers give each syllable to highlight. They tend to confuse stressed and unstressed syllables, resulting in accented stress times that are much shorter than native speakers. (3) Non-native speakers tend to produce redundant pauses, self-repairing, or repetitive languages between words. This results in the length of time between words that are much longer than native speakers. In the experiment, five raters perceived the speech materials and scored the naturalness according to the 9-point system. After the perception experiment, the five raters were interviewed in a structured way to further understand the role of time correction. The results of naturality perception experiments and interviews show that: (1) the duration correction of vowels improves the oral naturalness to some extent. Non-native speakers are more aware of the differences in length of time when producing unit sounds, thus facilitating the differentiation of compact vowels. In addition, the divowels after length correction make the produced words have enough time to slip between the phonemes. (2) the length correction of pitch stress improves the naturalness of spoken English to a certain extent. The correction of pitch stress makes the most stressed syllable or word in the phrase more natural because of the length and sufficient prominence of the modified native-like person than the unmodified one. Moreover, after the pitch stress is corrected, the listener can accurately grasp the emphasis message in the phrase and the intention and attitude of the speaker. This is very important for language communication. (3) the length correction at the cohesion of words significantly improves the naturalness of spoken language. When the flow of non-native speakers is removed from the excess blanks, self-repairing and pausing, the cohesion between words is closer than before, and the flow is more coherent and smooth, thus promoting the significant improvement of the quality of spoken language. (4) among the three groups, The length correction at the cohesion of words has the greatest influence on naturalness, followed by vowels, while the correction of accentuation duration has the least effect on the naturalness of spoken English. This paper makes a detailed analysis and study of several important factors related to the length of oral English, which makes us realize that: (1) L2 learners have a serious shortage in the use of the time-span factor in oral English production; (2) adjusting these factors can improve oral quality significantly. The findings and findings of this paper are of great significance to second language learning and teaching.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H014
本文编号：2197138
[Abstract]:Duration is one of the most important factors in intonation. In this study, phonetic synthesis techniques, perception evaluation experiments and interviews were used to investigate whether vowels, pitch stresses, and the length of time between words have an effect on the naturalness of spoken English. First, the length of vowels in 10 words, the pitch stress in 10 multi-sense phrases and the length of time between words are modified by using Adobe Audition3.0 software in comparison with the native speaker's time-length model. The results are as follows: (1) the length of time of vowels in 10 words, and the length of stress in 10 phrases of multi-sense words, respectively, and the length of time between words. By comparing the duration patterns of native and non-native speakers, it is found that: (1) Non-native speakers not only tend to confuse short and short vowels, but also tend to produce divowels with insufficient duration. (2) Non-native speakers give each syllable to highlight. They tend to confuse stressed and unstressed syllables, resulting in accented stress times that are much shorter than native speakers. (3) Non-native speakers tend to produce redundant pauses, self-repairing, or repetitive languages between words. This results in the length of time between words that are much longer than native speakers. In the experiment, five raters perceived the speech materials and scored the naturalness according to the 9-point system. After the perception experiment, the five raters were interviewed in a structured way to further understand the role of time correction. The results of naturality perception experiments and interviews show that: (1) the duration correction of vowels improves the oral naturalness to some extent. Non-native speakers are more aware of the differences in length of time when producing unit sounds, thus facilitating the differentiation of compact vowels. In addition, the divowels after length correction make the produced words have enough time to slip between the phonemes. (2) the length correction of pitch stress improves the naturalness of spoken English to a certain extent. The correction of pitch stress makes the most stressed syllable or word in the phrase more natural because of the length and sufficient prominence of the modified native-like person than the unmodified one. Moreover, after the pitch stress is corrected, the listener can accurately grasp the emphasis message in the phrase and the intention and attitude of the speaker. This is very important for language communication. (3) the length correction at the cohesion of words significantly improves the naturalness of spoken language. When the flow of non-native speakers is removed from the excess blanks, self-repairing and pausing, the cohesion between words is closer than before, and the flow is more coherent and smooth, thus promoting the significant improvement of the quality of spoken language. (4) among the three groups, The length correction at the cohesion of words has the greatest influence on naturalness, followed by vowels, while the correction of accentuation duration has the least effect on the naturalness of spoken English. This paper makes a detailed analysis and study of several important factors related to the length of oral English, which makes us realize that: (1) L2 learners have a serious shortage in the use of the time-span factor in oral English production; (2) adjusting these factors can improve oral quality significantly. The findings and findings of this paper are of great significance to second language learning and teaching.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H014
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