安康市汉王赣语方言岛语音研究
发布时间：2018-08-24 19:54
【摘要】：汉王镇隶属于安康市紫阳县,位于陕西省紫阳县以北23.2公里,东经108。25′,北纬32。43′,总人口14218人,土地面积81.13平方公里。本文所提及的汉王赣方言岛位于汉王镇北部的凤凰山擂鼓台山脚下,由汉王镇的的三个比邻的自然村构成,从东到西依次为兴塘村、西河村、安五村。根据2011年的官方统计资料来看,三村总面积为30.73平方公里,约占汉王镇总面积的38%；三村总人口为4177口,约占汉王镇总人口的27%。汉王镇隶属于安康市紫阳县,根据《中国语言地图集》的分区,紫阳县被划入了西南官话区；从地理位置上说,汉王赣方言岛又东衔汉阴县涧池镇(西南官话区),西接汉滨区牛蹄镇(牛蹄镇是已被学界确认的陕南赣方言岛)。通过调查研究我们得知,汉王赣语方言岛是明末清初的移民造成的赣语方言岛,该岛的移民均来自一个比较集中的地区——安徽省太湖县,因此,我们有必要将该方言与源方言进行比较,同时兼顾考察它与周边方言之间的互动关系,在比较中查找语音的演变过程,探寻方言岛语音现状的形成原因。综上所述,描写汉王赣方言岛的语音特征,进行横纵向的比较分析,力图揭示方言岛语音的演变规律是很有必要的。 通过调查比较发现,汉王赣语方言岛依然具有赣语怀岳片的主要特征如：古全浊声母清化后,今逢塞音、塞擦音不论平仄,读送气清音的占绝对优势；知庄章三组合流为两组音：[ts tsh s]、[ts tsh s]；精见两组分化出[tc tch c]；古见系的腭化主要发生在洪音一二等字中；绝大部分的古深臻摄舒声与曾梗摄舒声韵尾混同,收[n]尾；在白读层面有自成音节的鼻辅音；侯模两韵相混,相混发生在流摄开口一等的侯韵与遇摄合口一等模韵的端系,除个别情况外,今都读[ou]；蟹止臻合口一三等端系字,今大部分改读开口呼；去声分阴阳；古全浊上声、全浊入声绝大部分归阳去等等。同时,该方言岛也具有江淮官话黄孝片的部分特征,例如：知庄组今大部分开口同精组大部分洪音归ts组,精组大部分细音与见晓组大部分的开口三四等归t(?)组；存在(?)和(?)开头的一系列韵母；古全浊声母一律清化；绝大部分的古深臻摄阳声韵与曾梗摄阳声韵韵尾合流,收[n]尾；蟹止臻合口一三等端系字,绝大部分合口成分脱落,转变为相应的开口韵；除个别情况外,遇摄合口一等端系、三等庄组字和通摄合口端、知系入声字与流摄开口三等知系字的韵母合流为[ou]；除个别情况外,遇摄合口三等精组部分字和蟹摄开口三四等端、见系字以及止摄开口三等帮组、泥组、见系字韵母合流为[i]；全浊上声、全浊去声绝大部分归阳去等等。而西南官话对汉王赣方言岛的影响则主要体现在声调、文白异读等方面。综上所述,汉王赣语方言岛在保留了赣语主要特征的同时,也受到了江淮官话、西南官话等其他方言的影响,其中,江淮官话的影响最大。 通过共时和历时的比较研究,加之相关文献资料的佐证,本文认为,汉王赣方言语音特征的形成原因是纵向同源和横向渗透共同作用的结果。具体来说,元末明初的频繁战乱导致太湖地区人口的锐减,江西籍人口的集中注入,致使这一地区的方言由江淮官话特征为主迅速演变以赣语特征为主；后由于地理环境的因素,在横向渗透过程,太湖地区江淮官话特征逐步脱落,演变成为如今的赣语怀岳片；但是,在太湖地区江淮官话特征开始逐步脱落之时,一部分人已从太湖迁出,进入陕南,故这些原有的江淮官话特征得到了较好的保存；在之后的几百年里,这些来自太湖的江南人在陕南封闭的山区里集中的生活,其源方言得到了保存,但毕竟整个地区被西南官话包围,随着时间推移,西南官话横向渗透,致使部分特征慢慢发生变化,于是形成了汉王赣方言岛的语音特征。
[Abstract]:Hanwang Town belongs to Ziyang County of Ankang City. It is located 23.2 kilometers north of Ziyang County of Shaanxi Province, 108.25', 32.43', with a total population of 14 218 and a land area of 81.13 square kilometers. According to the official statistics in 2011, the total area of the three villages is 30.73 square kilometers, accounting for 38% of the total area of Hanwang Town; the total population of the three villages is 4177, accounting for 27% of the total population of Hanwang Town. The county is divided into the southwest mandarin area; geographically speaking, the Gan dialect island of the Han Dynasty is also called Jianchi Town of Hanyin County in the East (southwest Mandarin area) and Niuhoi Town in the West (Niuhoi Town is the Gan dialect island in southern Shaanxi Province which has been recognized by the academic circles). Therefore, it is necessary for us to compare the dialect with the source dialect, and at the same time to examine the interaction between the dialect and the surrounding dialects, to find out the evolution process of the pronunciation in the comparison, and to explore the causes of the present situation of the pronunciation of the dialect island. It is necessary to analyze the phonetic features of Wanggan dialect islands horizontally and vertically in order to reveal the evolutionary law of the dialect islands.
Through investigation and comparison, it is found that the Gan dialect islands in the Han Dynasty still have the main features of Huaiyue films in the Gan dialect, such as: after the Qinghua of the ancient voiced initials, the present meets the stops, the fricative sounds regardless of the flat and clear tones, the pronunciation of breathing and clear tones is absolutely dominant; the three combinations of Zhizhuangzhang flow into two groups of sounds: [ts tsh], [ts tsh]; it is seen that the two groups are differentiated into [tc TCH c]; the It occurs mainly in the first and second-class characters of Hong Yin; most of the ancient Shenzhen Shusheng and Zeng Jie Zhishu are mixed with each other, with the ending of [n]; there are nasal consonants with their own syllables in the white reading level; the two rhymes of Hou model are mixed with each other, and the mixing occurs in the end system of the first-class Hou rhyme in the flowing photography opening and the first-class modal rhyme in the meeting photography mouth, except in some cases, now they all read [ou]; At the same time, the dialect island also has some features of Huangxiao tablets in Jianghuai Mandarin, such as: most of the opening of the Zhizhuang Formation is the same as that of the Jing Formation, most of the Hongyin of the Jing Formation is classified into the TS group, and most of the fine pronunciation and knowledge of the Jing Formation are classified into the TS group. The majority of the opening three or four classes belong to t (?) group; there are a series of vowels at the beginning of (?) and (?); all the ancient voiced consonants are clear; the vast majority of the ancient Shenzhen Zhengyang phonology and Zengzhi Zhengyang phonology end of the confluence, end [n]; crab Zhizhen Zhengkou one or three end series words, most of the closing components fall off, into the corresponding opening rhyme; except for one. Otherwise, in the case of the first-class end of the photographic closure, the third-class group words and the joint end of the photographic closure, the combination of the vowels of the third-class words is [ou]; in the case of the third-class words of the photographic closure and the third-class words of the crab opening, the combination of the vowels of the third-class words and the third-class words of the photographic closure is [i]; in the case of the mud group, the combination of the vowels is [i]; The influence of Southwest Mandarin on Gan Dialect Island of the Han Dynasty is mainly manifested in the aspects of tone, literal and colloquial pronunciation. Words have the greatest impact.
Through a synchronic and diachronic comparative study, supported by relevant literature, this paper holds that the formation of the phonetic features of the Gan dialect in the Han Dynasty is the result of the joint effect of vertical homology and horizontal infiltration. Specifically, the frequent wars in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties led to the sharp decline of the population in the Taihu Lake area, and the concentration of the population of Jiangxi, resulting in this area. The dialects in Taihuai area evolved rapidly from Jianghuai Mandarin to Gan dialect. Later, due to the geographical environment, the features of Jianghuai Mandarin in Taihu Lake area gradually dropped off and became the present Huaiyue Gan dialect. However, when the features of Jianghuai Mandarin in Taihu Lake area began to fall off gradually, some people had already come from Taihu Lake. In the next few hundred years, these people from the south of the Yangtze and Huaihe River lived in the closed mountain areas of southern Shaanxi, and their dialects were preserved. But after all, the whole area was surrounded by the southwest mandarin, and with the passage of time, the southwest mandarin penetrated horizontally. Some features slowly changed, thus forming the phonetic features of Hanwang Gan dialect island.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H175
本文编号：2201860
[Abstract]:Hanwang Town belongs to Ziyang County of Ankang City. It is located 23.2 kilometers north of Ziyang County of Shaanxi Province, 108.25', 32.43', with a total population of 14 218 and a land area of 81.13 square kilometers. According to the official statistics in 2011, the total area of the three villages is 30.73 square kilometers, accounting for 38% of the total area of Hanwang Town; the total population of the three villages is 4177, accounting for 27% of the total population of Hanwang Town. The county is divided into the southwest mandarin area; geographically speaking, the Gan dialect island of the Han Dynasty is also called Jianchi Town of Hanyin County in the East (southwest Mandarin area) and Niuhoi Town in the West (Niuhoi Town is the Gan dialect island in southern Shaanxi Province which has been recognized by the academic circles). Therefore, it is necessary for us to compare the dialect with the source dialect, and at the same time to examine the interaction between the dialect and the surrounding dialects, to find out the evolution process of the pronunciation in the comparison, and to explore the causes of the present situation of the pronunciation of the dialect island. It is necessary to analyze the phonetic features of Wanggan dialect islands horizontally and vertically in order to reveal the evolutionary law of the dialect islands.
Through investigation and comparison, it is found that the Gan dialect islands in the Han Dynasty still have the main features of Huaiyue films in the Gan dialect, such as: after the Qinghua of the ancient voiced initials, the present meets the stops, the fricative sounds regardless of the flat and clear tones, the pronunciation of breathing and clear tones is absolutely dominant; the three combinations of Zhizhuangzhang flow into two groups of sounds: [ts tsh], [ts tsh]; it is seen that the two groups are differentiated into [tc TCH c]; the It occurs mainly in the first and second-class characters of Hong Yin; most of the ancient Shenzhen Shusheng and Zeng Jie Zhishu are mixed with each other, with the ending of [n]; there are nasal consonants with their own syllables in the white reading level; the two rhymes of Hou model are mixed with each other, and the mixing occurs in the end system of the first-class Hou rhyme in the flowing photography opening and the first-class modal rhyme in the meeting photography mouth, except in some cases, now they all read [ou]; At the same time, the dialect island also has some features of Huangxiao tablets in Jianghuai Mandarin, such as: most of the opening of the Zhizhuang Formation is the same as that of the Jing Formation, most of the Hongyin of the Jing Formation is classified into the TS group, and most of the fine pronunciation and knowledge of the Jing Formation are classified into the TS group. The majority of the opening three or four classes belong to t (?) group; there are a series of vowels at the beginning of (?) and (?); all the ancient voiced consonants are clear; the vast majority of the ancient Shenzhen Zhengyang phonology and Zengzhi Zhengyang phonology end of the confluence, end [n]; crab Zhizhen Zhengkou one or three end series words, most of the closing components fall off, into the corresponding opening rhyme; except for one. Otherwise, in the case of the first-class end of the photographic closure, the third-class group words and the joint end of the photographic closure, the combination of the vowels of the third-class words is [ou]; in the case of the third-class words of the photographic closure and the third-class words of the crab opening, the combination of the vowels of the third-class words and the third-class words of the photographic closure is [i]; in the case of the mud group, the combination of the vowels is [i]; The influence of Southwest Mandarin on Gan Dialect Island of the Han Dynasty is mainly manifested in the aspects of tone, literal and colloquial pronunciation. Words have the greatest impact.
Through a synchronic and diachronic comparative study, supported by relevant literature, this paper holds that the formation of the phonetic features of the Gan dialect in the Han Dynasty is the result of the joint effect of vertical homology and horizontal infiltration. Specifically, the frequent wars in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties led to the sharp decline of the population in the Taihu Lake area, and the concentration of the population of Jiangxi, resulting in this area. The dialects in Taihuai area evolved rapidly from Jianghuai Mandarin to Gan dialect. Later, due to the geographical environment, the features of Jianghuai Mandarin in Taihu Lake area gradually dropped off and became the present Huaiyue Gan dialect. However, when the features of Jianghuai Mandarin in Taihu Lake area began to fall off gradually, some people had already come from Taihu Lake. In the next few hundred years, these people from the south of the Yangtze and Huaihe River lived in the closed mountain areas of southern Shaanxi, and their dialects were preserved. But after all, the whole area was surrounded by the southwest mandarin, and with the passage of time, the southwest mandarin penetrated horizontally. Some features slowly changed, thus forming the phonetic features of Hanwang Gan dialect island.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H175
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