现代汉语能愿动词单问句

发布时间：2018-11-29 09:11

【摘要】：本文主要讨论了现代汉语能愿动词构成的单问句。第一章,在综述前人研究的基础上,确定本文的研究范围。将现代汉语能愿动词限定在“敢、会、能、可以、可、肯、能够、要、应该、应当：必然、得(dei)、该、可能、想、想要、一定、准；必须、必、得(de)、肯定、乐意、情愿、愿意、许、允许、准许”这28个词。第二章描写了能愿动词的情态类型及单问句类型。从情态语义类出发,把现代汉语的能愿动词分为三类,即认识情态、道义情态和动力情态。认识情态又分成“必然”、“盖然”、“可能”,道义情态分成“必要”、“祈承”(祈使、承诺)、“理当”、“许可”,动力情态分成“能力”、“意愿”。另外还细分能愿动词的表义系统：单义和多义,根据每个义项的不同,我们把多义能愿动词的不同表义义项看作不同的能愿动词,这样共得到46个能愿动词。能愿动词的单问句类型有四种。第三、四、五章分别从下面四种情况描述了能愿动词构成的是非单问、特指单问、选择单问情况及语用特点。一是“单个能愿动词构成的问句”；二是“修饰成分+能愿动词”构成的问句；三是“单个能愿动词+疑问语气词”构成的问句；四是“修饰成分+能愿动词+疑问语气词”构成的问句。其中,根据能愿动词的肯否形式,把是非问、特指问又分为肯定是非问、否定是非问、肯定特指问、否定特指问。第六章为结语部分。从能愿动词的情态类型来看能愿动词的单问句,发现这其中有一定的对应性规律。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly discusses the single question sentence which is formed by the verb of Neng wish in modern Chinese. The first chapter, on the basis of summarizing the previous studies, determines the scope of this paper. The modern Chinese can wish verb is limited to "dare, can, want, should, should: inevitable, may, want, certain, accurate;" Must, be (de), certain, willing, allow, allow "28 words. The second chapter describes the modal type and the single question type of the verb. Starting from the semantic category of modality, this paper classifies the possible and willing verbs in modern Chinese into three categories: cognitive modality, deontic modality and dynamic modality. Understanding modality is divided into "necessity", "cover up", "possibility", "moral modality" into "necessity", "prayer" (imperative, promise), "reasonable", "permit", "power modality" divided into "ability", "will". In addition, we also subdivide the semantic system of vowable verbs: simple and polysemous. According to the different meanings of each meaning, we regard the different meanings of polysemous vow verbs as different vowable verbs, so we can get 46 vowel verbs altogether. There are four types of single question sentences that can be used as verbs. In the third, fourth and fifth chapters, the following four kinds of cases are respectively described: the non-mono-question, the singleton, the selective one-question and the pragmatic characteristics of the votive verb. One is a question sentence composed of a single vowel verb, the other is a question sentence composed of a modified component can wish verb, and the third is a question sentence formed by a single interrogative verb. The fourth is the question of "modifier can wish to question the mood of verb". Among them, according to the willing form of the willing verb, the right and wrong is asked, the special question is divided into the positive and the non-question, the negative is asked, the positive special question is asked, and the negative special question is asked. The sixth chapter is the conclusion. The single question sentence of the verb can be seen from the modal type of the verb, and it is found that there are some corresponding laws among them.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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