辞本位与形象语言
发布时间：2019-01-03 13:04
【摘要】：从鸦片战争以来中国一直企图模仿西方的一些物质及精神文化，但是有些东西对中国并不适合，或不完全适合，，如西方的语言学理论。在西方语言学理论中，“词”是基本的语言单位，中国语言学家们也引进了“词”的概念，结果造成了很多的烦事，比如在划分词类上的困难、词类与词的语法功能不能对应、感觉和西方语言比起来汉语是个落后的语言等。所以本文指出，对汉语来说“词”这个概念不合适，而主张用“辞”的概念来替换它，辞才是汉语的基本单位。辞是由字构成的。字是汉语中最小的有意义的语言单位，是构成辞的基本单位。有时一个字就可以构成一个辞，有时两个或两个以上的字并列起来构成一个辞，如“起来”。辞是汉语的基本语法单位，是造句单位。一个辞或几个辞用来表达一个相对完整的意思，就构成一个句。句是汉语基本的表达单位。一个句或几个句的组合统称为“言”。 形象界辞是汉语的独有的语言单位。形象界辞就是由一个字或几个字、由一个辞或几个辞构成的形象单位，即语言单位上的语块（言的材料）。形象界辞既可以构成句，也可以构成言。 字是辞汇层面上的基本单位，是造辞单位，而辞是言层面上的基本单位，是造句单位。在言层面上，虚字相当重要。虚字就是以往所说的虚词。虚字把一个一个的用来造句的形象单位连接起来，非常生动地表达意义。句是基本的交际单位，一个句和由两个以上的句构成的交际单位统称为“言”。 总之，本文强调了字的重要性，并且假定了“辞”的概念，并提出了“形象界辞”的概念。“形象界辞”与“辞”不同。另外，这篇论文还探究了“汉语的表达方式是以形象的并列式为主，这与靠形态变化来表达意义的韩语以及印欧语不一样”的问题。
[Abstract]:Since the Opium War, China has been trying to imitate some of the material and spiritual culture of the West, but some things are not suitable for China, such as western linguistic theory. In western linguistic theory, "word" is the basic unit of language, and Chinese linguists have also introduced the concept of "word". As a result, they have caused a lot of trouble, such as difficulties in classifying parts of speech, and the grammatical functions of parts of speech and words cannot be matched. Compared with the western language, Chinese is a backward language. Therefore, this paper points out that the concept of "word" is not suitable for Chinese, and that the concept of "word" should be replaced by the concept of "ci", which is the basic unit of Chinese. Words are made up of words. Word is the smallest meaningful language unit in Chinese and the basic unit of speech. Sometimes a word can form one word, sometimes two or more words together to form a word, such as "get up". Speech is the basic grammatical unit of Chinese and the unit of sentence formation. One or more words are used to express a relatively complete meaning and constitute a sentence. Sentence is the basic unit of expression in Chinese. The combination of a sentence or several sentences is collectively called "Yan". Figurative speech is a unique language unit in Chinese. Figurative speech is an image unit consisting of one word or several words, that is, a chunk (material of speech) on a linguistic unit. Figurative speech can constitute both sentences and words. Word is the basic unit of lexicography, the unit of making words, and the basic unit of speech and the unit of sentence formation. At the level of speech, empty words are very important. The empty word is the function word in the past. The empty word connects an image unit used to construct a sentence and expresses the meaning very vividly. A sentence is a basic unit of communication, and a sentence and a communication unit consisting of more than two sentences are collectively called "speech". In a word, this paper emphasizes the importance of Chinese characters, assumes the concept of ci, and puts forward the concept of figurative rhetoric. "Image speech" is different from "speech". In addition, this paper also explores the problem that "Chinese is mainly expressed in the form of juxtaposition, which is different from the Korean and Indo-European languages which are expressed by morphological changes."
【学位授予单位】：大连外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H14
本文编号：2399398
[Abstract]:Since the Opium War, China has been trying to imitate some of the material and spiritual culture of the West, but some things are not suitable for China, such as western linguistic theory. In western linguistic theory, "word" is the basic unit of language, and Chinese linguists have also introduced the concept of "word". As a result, they have caused a lot of trouble, such as difficulties in classifying parts of speech, and the grammatical functions of parts of speech and words cannot be matched. Compared with the western language, Chinese is a backward language. Therefore, this paper points out that the concept of "word" is not suitable for Chinese, and that the concept of "word" should be replaced by the concept of "ci", which is the basic unit of Chinese. Words are made up of words. Word is the smallest meaningful language unit in Chinese and the basic unit of speech. Sometimes a word can form one word, sometimes two or more words together to form a word, such as "get up". Speech is the basic grammatical unit of Chinese and the unit of sentence formation. One or more words are used to express a relatively complete meaning and constitute a sentence. Sentence is the basic unit of expression in Chinese. The combination of a sentence or several sentences is collectively called "Yan". Figurative speech is a unique language unit in Chinese. Figurative speech is an image unit consisting of one word or several words, that is, a chunk (material of speech) on a linguistic unit. Figurative speech can constitute both sentences and words. Word is the basic unit of lexicography, the unit of making words, and the basic unit of speech and the unit of sentence formation. At the level of speech, empty words are very important. The empty word is the function word in the past. The empty word connects an image unit used to construct a sentence and expresses the meaning very vividly. A sentence is a basic unit of communication, and a sentence and a communication unit consisting of more than two sentences are collectively called "speech". In a word, this paper emphasizes the importance of Chinese characters, assumes the concept of ci, and puts forward the concept of figurative rhetoric. "Image speech" is different from "speech". In addition, this paper also explores the problem that "Chinese is mainly expressed in the form of juxtaposition, which is different from the Korean and Indo-European languages which are expressed by morphological changes."
【学位授予单位】：大连外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H14
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 温锁林;简评“词组本位”的语法体系[J];雁北师院学报;1994年01期
本文编号：2399398
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