湖南沅江赤山话单字调和双字调声学实验研究

发布时间：2019-07-02 18:03

【摘要】：赤山位于沅江市西北部,是西洞庭湖中一个狭长的岛屿,岛上主要讲赤山话(属西南官话)。前贤关于赤山话的研究较少,研究成果一般是基于传统口耳之学的语音历时比较研究,本文以赤山话为研究对象,结合田野调查与声学实验,考察赤山话单字调声学格局和双字组连读变调的变调模式和变调类型。近年来,赤山话正不断受到周边湘语的冲击,对赤山话声调的研究有利于保存其历史原貌,保护赤山岛上的语言生态,同时也丰富了湖南境内的方言研究,尤其是西南官话的研究。本文共五个部分：第一部分“绪论”,主要介绍本文选题的价值;赤山的人文、地理,语言研究概况以及湖南境内的方言研究概况；同时,以本文的研究内容为导向,梳理了汉语声调实验研究的阶段性成果和目前的进展；最后,介绍了本文的研究方法、内容和意义。第二部分“沅江赤山话音系和实验说明”,本文在田野调查的基础上整理出赤山话的音系。赤山话共有声母二十个,韵母四十三个和声调六个,分别是阴平[55]、阳平[24]、阴上[31]、阳上[44]、去声[33]和入声[35],赤山话保留了入声调类,但入声已经完全舒化。实验说明部分,分别介绍了录音器材和praat软件,发音字表以及字表设计的原则,最后着重说明了实验的几个关键步骤录音、标注、数据提取和处理以及作图等。第三部分“沅江赤山话单字调声学实验”,实验从音高和时长两个角度研究赤山话单字调声学格局。本文通过praat提取单字调基频值,通过T值法对四位发音人基频均值进行归一,实验得出单字调调类调值为阴平[55]、阳平[13]、阴上[31]、阳上[44]、去声[33]、入声[35],同时通过单字调T值均值与标准差求出了赤山话单字调的声学空间图；通过时长归一公式求出赤山话单字调相对时长模式为：阳上去声阴上入声阳平阴平。第四部分“沅江赤山话双字调声学实验”,通过praat提取双字组基频值,并对其进行归一,得出赤山话双字组连读变调共有25种变调模式。赤山话变调的类型有调位性变调和非调位性变调,前者主要包括中和型连读变调,非调位性变调包括异化型连读变调和简化型连读变调。双字调时长模式分为两个部分：前字位置调类相对时长排序为T2阳平T4阳上T5去声T3阴上T6入声T1阴平；后字位置调类相对时长排序为T2阳平T6入声T1阴平T4阳上T5去声T3阴上。第五部分“结语”,总结全文的研究结论,着重突出本文的研究成果和价值。
[Abstract]:Chia-shan is located in the northwest of Mudanjiang, a long and narrow island in the West Dongting Lake, and the island is mainly called the Red Mountain (which belongs to the Chinese dialect of the southwest). In this paper, the research of Chia-hyun's study on Chia-shan dialect is less, and the research results are based on the study of the phonetic diachronic comparison based on the traditional ear-ear, in this paper, the research object of Chia-shan is studied, and the field investigation and the acoustic experiment are combined. In this paper, the changing mode and the modulation type of the two-character set of the two-character set are investigated. In recent years, Chishan dialect is subject to the impact of the surrounding Xiangyu, and the study of the tone of the red mountain is favorable to preserve its original appearance and protect the language ecology of the island, and also enrich the study of the dialect in Hunan, especially the study of the southwest mandarin. This paper has five parts: The first part of the "introduction" mainly introduces the value of the subject, the general situation of the humanities, geography, language of Chishan, and the survey of the dialect in Hunan. In the end, the research methods, contents and meaning of the paper are introduced. The second part of the "A Study on the Voice System and Experiment of the Chia-shan in the Yangtze River", which, on the basis of the field investigation, The phonological system. The Chishan dialect has the initial consonants of 20, the finals of forty-three and the tone of six, the Yin-ping[55], the Yang-ping[24], the anion[31], the male[44], the desound[33] and the sound-in[35], and the red mountain is reserved in the tone class, but the sound is finished. The paper introduces the principles of the design of the recording equipment and the praat software, the pronunciation of the pronunciation and the design of the word table, and finally, the recording, marking, data extraction and processing of several key steps of the experiment are given. The third partial "The Acoustic Experiment of the Single Word of the Chishan Dialect in the Yangtze River", the experiment from the two angles of pitch and duration to study the red-mountain word In this paper, the fundamental value of the fundamental frequency of the four-digit speaker is extracted by the method of praat, and the mean value of the fundamental frequency of the four-digit speaker is reduced by the T-value method. The results show that the adjusted value of the single character is in the shade of[55], the male level[13], the anion[31], the male[44], the desound[33], and the input value. The sound[35] is obtained, and the acoustic space diagram of the red-mountain word tone is obtained by means of the mean and standard deviation of the T-value of the single word. In that fourth part of the "The Acoustic Experiment of the Double-word-tone of the Chia-shan Dialect in the Yangtze River", the fundamental frequency value of the double-word group is extracted by praat, and the base frequency value of the two-word group is obtained through praat, so that the two-character group of the red-mountain and the two-character group are connected with each other. In this paper, there are 25 different modulation modes. The type of the change of the Chishan dialect is the change of the position and the non-adjusting. The former mainly includes the neutral-type continuous-reading and the non-adjusting, and the non-position-changing tone includes the dissimilation type and the variable-tone modulation. Simplified continuous-read modulation. The double-character-tone time-length mode is divided into two parts: the relative duration of the two-character position adjustment is the T2-positive-level T4-positive upper T5, the T6-in-sound T6 entering the sound T1 and the negative-level; and the post-field position-adjusting type is ordered to be T2-positive-flat T6 into the sound T1-yin-flat T4-positive T 5. In the third "epilogue" of the fifth part, the conclusion of the study of the whole text is summarized, and the emphasis is given to the project.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H172.3

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