关于美国妇女状况的中美政府文件中的语篇策略对比分析

发布时间：2019-07-02 18:21

【摘要】：本文将美国政府发布的《美国妇女：社会和经济福祉指标》和中国政府发布的《美国的人权记录》中关于美国妇女的语篇作为研究对象，运用语篇-历史分析方法中的辩论策略、谓语指示策略和强化策略，对比分析中美相关语篇中的语篇策略，旨在揭示中美政府是如何运用不同的语篇策略来反映美国妇女状况的。辩论策略指讲话者利用不同的辩题，对语篇中的某些正面情况进行证实或对某些负面情况进行描述。谓语指示策略指在谓语成分中（包括形容词）使用具有肯定意义或否定意义的词语将社会活动者赋予褒义或贬义。强化策略指通过加强话语的言外之力以强化作者对某一事件的态度(Wodak and Meyer,2001:73)。考虑到语料来源的权威性，本文作者从中国政府网站和美国政府网站搜集到有关美国妇女状况的政府文件，并将其作为研究对象。作者从中选取24段作为分析对象，对美国妇女的家庭生活、就业、健康和针对妇女的暴力行为进行批评性对比分析。在分析过程中，作者逐一分析了24个选段，找出每个选段所运用的语篇策略。然后，针对美国妇女的同一问题，作者对比分析中美语篇所运用的不同语篇策略，并研究其产生差异的原因。研究发现以下不同点：美方语篇运用负担、历史、公正、有用和不利等辩题描述美国妇女现状，中方语篇运用人道主义、数字、公正和危险等辩题指出美国妇女问题。美方语篇运用积极的表达方式表达美国政府对待妇女的积极态度。中方语篇运用消极的表达方式反映美国政府在对待妇女问题方面仍有待改进。美方语篇运用介词短语强调妇女收入的上升趋势，引用法律强调政府对美国妇女的关注态度。中方语篇运用程度副词强调男女收入差额之大，，运用被动语态强调妇女遭受暴力的事实。本论文具有实践意义。第一，本研究可以提高读者的批评意识,帮助读者挖掘语篇背后的意识形态，加强对语篇的理解。第二，此论文有助于提高作者的批评意识，提高其在运用语篇策略方面的技巧，从而委婉表达其真实意图。第三，本研究有助于外交人员提高其语言表达能力，从而建立和谐的外交环境。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the American Women: indicators of Social and Economic well-being issued by the United States Government and the texts about American Women in the Human Rights Records of the United States published by the Chinese Government as the research objects, and makes a contrastive analysis of the discourse strategies in the relevant texts between China and the United States by using the debate strategies, predicate indicator strategies and reinforcement strategies in the discourse-historical analysis method. The purpose of this paper is to reveal how Chinese and American governments use different discourse strategies to reflect the situation of American women. Debate strategy refers to the speaker using different debates to confirm some positive situations or describe some negative situations in the text. Predicate indication strategy refers to the use of words with positive or negative meaning in predicate elements (including adjectives) to give positive or derogatory meanings to social activists. Reinforcement strategy refers to strengthening the author's attitude towards an event by strengthening the verbal power of the discourse (Wodak and Meyer,2001:73). Considering the authority of the corpus, the author collects government documents about the situation of women in the United States from the Chinese government website and the US government website, and takes them as the research object. The author selects 24 paragraphs as the object of analysis to make a critical comparative analysis of American women's family life, employment, health and violence against women. In the course of the analysis, the author analyzes 24 selected paragraphs one by one and finds out the discourse strategies used in each selected paragraph. Then, in view of the same problem of American women, the author makes a contrastive analysis of the different discourse strategies used in Chinese and American discourses, and studies the reasons for the differences. The following differences are found: the burden of American discourse, history, justice, usefulness and disadvantage describe the current situation of American women, and Chinese discourse points out the problems of American women by using humanitarianism, numbers, justice and danger. American discourse uses positive expressions to express the positive attitude of the American government towards women. The use of negative expressions in Chinese discourse reflects that the US government still needs to improve its treatment of women's issues. In American discourse, prepositional phrases are used to emphasize the rising trend of women's income, and laws are cited to emphasize the government's attitude towards American women. The adverbs of degree of use in Chinese discourse emphasize the income gap between men and women, and the passive voice is used to emphasize the fact that women are subjected to violence. This paper has practical significance. First, this study can improve readers' critical consciousness, help readers excavate the ideology behind the text, and strengthen the understanding of the text. Secondly, this thesis is helpful to improve the author's critical consciousness and his skills in the use of discourse strategies, so as to express his true intention euphemistically. Third, this study is helpful for diplomats to improve their language expression ability, so as to establish a harmonious diplomatic environment.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315;H15

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