从评价理论对比分析中美两国领导人新年致辞

发布时间：2019-07-05 12:11

【摘要】：自Martin发表Beyond Exchange:Appraisal Systems in English以来,评价理论受到国内外众多关注,不断得到发展和完善。该理论是系统功能语言学对人际意义研究的新发展,关注的是运用语言表达态度的资源。包括三大主系统：态度、介入和级差。国家领导人新年之际发表新年致辞已渐成惯例,新年致辞传递了当前国情的相关信息、表达了领导人的态度观点、巩固了与公众之间的关系。新年致辞的重要性日益上升,受到越来越多的关注。本文试图从评价理论角度,利用语言学软件UAM CorpusTool,对比分析中美两国领导人自2004年至2012年间对外公开发表的18篇新年致辞,试图找出二者在评价资源的运用上有何种特征和异同以及评价资源是如何实现演讲语篇的人际意义的。本文通过对比分析得出以下结论：首先,两组语篇中都大量运用了态度资源,但在美国总统的演讲中态度资源的使用所占比例更高。在态度系统之内,美国总统倾向于运用情感性资源,而中国领导人则更多地运用鉴赏性资源。其次,两组语篇在介入资源的整体使用上差异不大。然而在介入系统之内,判断性资源在美国总统的新年致辞中大都属于社会约束而非社会判断而在中国领导人的演讲中情况恰恰相反。最后,就级差资源而言,中国领导人在致辞中对这一资源的使用要高于美国领导人。通过对比分析中美两组新年致辞中评价资源的使用,本文将评价理论应用到对新年致辞这一类型的研究,希望能借此为评价系统和新年致辞的研究提供一些参考。由于评价理论本身存在的主观因素和本文作者个人能力的局限,这一研究还有待不断发展和完善。
[Abstract]:Since Martin published Beyond Exchange:Appraisal Systems in English, evaluation theory has been paid more and more attention at home and abroad, and has been continuously developed and improved. This theory is a new development in the study of interpersonal meaning in systemic functional Linguistics. It focuses on the resources of using language to express attitudes. It includes three main systems: attitude, intervention and grade difference. It has become customary for national leaders to deliver New year's speeches on the occasion of the New year. The New year's speech conveys relevant messages about the current national conditions, expresses the attitude and views of the leaders, and strengthens relations with the public. The importance of the New year's speech is increasing day by day and has attracted more and more attention. From the perspective of evaluation theory, this paper attempts to make a contrastive analysis of 18 New year's speeches delivered by Chinese and American leaders from 2004 to 2012 by using the linguistic software UAM CorpusTool, and tries to find out what characteristics and similarities and differences in the use of evaluation resources and how the evaluation resources realize the interpersonal meaning of the speech texts. Through contrastive analysis, this paper draws the following conclusions: first of all, a large number of attitude resources are used in both groups of discourse, but the proportion of attitude resources in the speeches of the President of the United States is higher. Within the attitude system, American presidents tend to use emotional resources, while Chinese leaders use more appreciative resources. Secondly, there is no difference between the two groups in the overall use of intervention resources. Within the intervention system, however, judgment resources are mostly social constraints rather than social judgment in the President's New year's address, but the opposite is true in the speeches of Chinese leaders. Finally, in terms of differential resources, Chinese leaders used this resource more than American leaders in their speeches. By comparing and analyzing the use of evaluation resources in Chinese and American New year's speeches, this paper applies the evaluation theory to the study of New year's speech, hoping to provide some references for the evaluation system and the study of New year's speech. Due to the subjective factors of the evaluation theory and the limitations of the author's personal ability, this study still needs to be developed and improved.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315;H15

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