概念整合角度下英、汉、日委婉语的对比研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 20:52

本文选题：概念整合理论 + 概念整合网络　；参考：《贵州师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：委婉语作为一种语言现象已经融入了人们的生活,对于以英语、汉语或者日语为母语的人来说,在交际中使用委婉语是一种自然的行为,并不会考虑这种语言现象的起源和构成。然而,对于外语学习者来说,对委婉语的起源和构成的不了解,意味着不能使用恰当的委婉语,这给语言学习和跨文化交际带来了障碍。国内外学者从修辞学、语义学、语用学、社会语言学和认知语言学等多个方面对委婉语进行了研究。前人的研究为委婉语的进一步研究奠定了良好的基础,并发展了语言学理论。本文尝试以概念整合理论中的输入空间关系和网络结构为框架,对英、汉、日委婉语进行对比研究,旨在发现英、汉、日委婉语在构成和使用中的认知异同之处,以及影响这些异同产生的因素。概念整合理论是认知语言学中的一个重要理论,它对语言的认知过程作了有力解释,并为委婉语的构成机制提供了支持。根据该理论,概念整合的实质是关系整合,原因在于输入空间的连通性是建立在关系的基础上的,关系将空间与空间连通起来进而形成了认知网络。同时,概念整合理论包含四个基本概念网络结构:简单网络、镜像网络、单域网络和双域网络。国内学者已经开始运用概念整合理论来解释委婉语的产生机制,但研究主要停留在一种或两种语言中,并没有明确输入空间之间的重要关系以及进行三语的对比研究。本文以三种语言的四本词典、三本书籍和相关新闻报道为依据,对英语、汉语和日语的利他委婉语、泛利委婉语及利己委婉语三种委婉语进行了定量收集,采用调查研究法、文献研究法和定性分析法对三语委婉语的认知过程进行归纳和演绎,对以下四个问题进行了研究分析。(1)三种语言的利他委婉语的输入空间关系及其概念整合过程的异同是什么?(2)三种语言中的泛利委婉语的输入空间关系及其概念整合过程的异同是什么?(3)语篇中的三种委婉语的利己委婉语的输入空间关系及其概念整合过程的异同是什么?(4)影响三种语言委婉语输入空间关系及其概念整合过程异同的潜在原因是什么?基于上述问题的对比研究,笔者发现,英、汉、日三语委婉语的认知生成机制是基于输入空间关系建立的。输入空间的重要关系将婉指对象同社会文化背景相连通,构成不同的整合网络结构,生成委婉语以及相关语境。因此,在不同的社会文化背景下,同一事物会产生不同的委婉语。其次,在三种语言中,汉语委婉语的整合过程最为复杂,其输入空间内的对应元素较之于英语和日语委婉语要复杂得多;而英语同日语相对比,英语的委婉语的形成机制又比日语更为复杂一些。再次,委婉语在三种语言中的整合过程反映了英语和日语委婉语更注重构词和语法,而汉语委婉语更注重历史文化背景。因此,对于英语和日语学习者来说,优先学习构词法和语法更为有利;对于汉语学习者而言,中国历史和文化的学习是至关重要的。第一章主要介绍了本文的研究背景、研究意义以及文章结构等。第二章详细呈现了国内外关于委婉语的研究。第三章是文章的理论基础,对概念整合理论进行了详细介绍。第四章是本文的主体分析部分,第五章是本文的结论。
[Abstract]:Euphemism, as a language phenomenon, has integrated into people's life. For people who are native to English, Chinese or Japanese, it is a natural act to use Euphemism in communication. It does not take into account the origin and composition of this language phenomenon. However, it is not the origin and composition of euphemism for foreign language learners. It means that the proper euphemism can not be used, which brings obstacles to language learning and intercultural communication. Scholars at home and abroad have studied euphemism from many aspects, such as rhetoric, semantics, pragmatics, sociolinguistics and cognitive linguistics. This paper tries to make a comparative study of English, Chinese and Japanese euphemisms in the framework of the input space relationship and network structure in the conceptual integration theory, to find out the similarities and differences in the composition and use of English, Han, and Japanese euphemisms, as well as the factors that affect these differences. Conceptual integration theory is in cognitive linguistics. An important theory, which gives a powerful explanation of the cognitive process of language, and supports the formation mechanism of euphemism. According to the theory, the essence of the concept integration is the relationship integration, because the connectivity of the input space is based on the relationship, and the relationship connects space with space to form a cognitive network. At the same time, conceptual integration theory includes four basic concepts of network structure: simple network, mirror network, single domain network and double domain network. Domestic scholars have begun to use conceptual integration theory to explain the mechanism of euphemism, but the research is mainly in one or two languages, and the important relationship between the input space is not clear. On the basis of four dictionaries of three languages, three books and related news reports, this paper makes a quantitative collection of three euphemisms in English, Chinese and Japanese, including euphemism, euphemism and Euphemism in English, Chinese and Japanese, and uses investigation and research, literature research and qualitative analysis for the euphemism of three languages. The cognitive process of language is summed up and deductive, and the following four questions are studied and analyzed. (1) what are the differences and similarities and differences between the input space relations of the euphemism of three languages and the process of conceptual integration? (2) what are the differences and similarities between the input space relations and the conceptual integration process of the pan euphemism in the three languages? (3) three in the text What are the differences and similarities between the input space relations of euphemism and the process of conceptual integration of euphemism? (4) what are the potential causes of the differences and similarities between the input space relations of the euphemism and the process of conceptual integration in the three languages? Based on the comparative study of the above questions, the author finds that the cognitive formation mechanism of the euphemism in English, Han, and Japanese is the basis of the cognitive formation mechanism The important relationship between the input space and the input space is to connect the euphemism with the social and cultural background, to form a different integrated network structure, to generate euphemisms and related contexts. Therefore, in different social and cultural backgrounds, the same thing will produce different euphemisms. Secondly, in the three languages, Chinese Euphemisms The integration process is the most complex, and the corresponding elements in the input space are much more complicated than the English and Japanese euphemisms, and the formation mechanism of euphemism in English is more complex than that in Japanese. Thirdly, the integration of euphemism in the three languages reflects the more emphasis on the word formation and the euphemism in English and Japanese. Grammar, while Chinese euphemism pays more attention to historical and cultural background. Therefore, it is more favorable for learners of English and Japanese to learn word formation and grammar; for Chinese learners, the study of Chinese history and culture is very important. The first chapter mainly introduces the research background, significance and structure of this article. The second chapter presents a detailed study of euphemism at home and abroad. The third chapter is the theoretical basis of the article, and gives a detailed introduction to the theory of conceptual integration. The fourth chapter is the main part of this article, and the fifth chapter is the conclusion of this article.

【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H030

【参考文献】