奇台青少年对奇台方言和普通话的语言态度和语言使用情况研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 05:32

本文选题：奇台方言 + 普通话　；参考：《新疆师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会语言学家一直以来对有关语言态度和语言使用的研究都很重视。对我国群众对于方言和普通话的语言态度及使用情况研究,在某种意义上属于语言国情调查研究。这有助于了解方言的使用和发展及普通话推广实施中的实际问题,具有十分重要的社会意义。本文旨在调查研究奇台青少年对奇台方言和普通话的语言态度和语言使用情况。本研究研究对象涉及400名初高中生,数据收集主要采用调查语言态度的配对变语实验和调查语言使用状况的问卷调查,并辅以访谈法。首先实施的是配对变语实验,作者通过问卷挑出生源地是奇台并且一直在奇台上学的汉族初中生50人、高中生50人,对其进行配对变语实验。在实验中,以这100名学生作为被试,从亲和力和社会地位两个不同方面对奇台方言和普通话态度进行考察。其中,作者又根据不同性别和不同教育背景,对研究对象的语言态度进行数据统计并对比分析。接着,作者对400名初高中生发放有关奇台方言和普通话使用情况的调查问卷,从家庭、学校、朋友、以及公共场所四个维度对其进行调查并获取数据,将收集来的数据运用数据统计的方法,借助SPSS对有效数据进行统计分析处理。同时,本文作者还从研究对象中随机挑选出20人进行录音访谈,目的是为了对配对变语实验以及问卷结果进行辅佐印征,使其更具有可靠性和真实性。经过数据处理及分析,本文主要得出以下几点结论:1)奇台青少年在对奇台方言的亲和力层面上评价较高,可以表明方言的潜在声望。同时在社会地位层面上,研究对象对普通话的评价要高于奇台方言,这说明被试都能认可普通话的重要性,体现出普通话推广颇有成效。2)奇台青少年对奇台方言和普通话的语言态度因其性别及教育背景的不同而存在细微差异。无论在亲和力还是社会地位方面,女性对奇台方言的评价略低于男性,而对普通话的评价略高于男性,但性别差异并不十分明显。其次,高中生对于奇台方言的评价要略低于初中生,表明受教育程度越高,语言态度越倾向于普通话。3)大多数研究对象能够说一口流利的奇台方言,并且全部都会说普通话。无论是在家中、学校还是与朋友交谈,大多数研究对象还是会使用本地方言和普通话混杂着进行交谈。然而在公众场合,方言使用频率大幅度降低。本文结论反映出当前奇台青少年对于奇台方言和普通话的语言态度及语言使用的真实情况,能够对未来有关此方面内容的研究提供相关有价值的资料。
[Abstract]:Sociolinguists have always attached great importance to the study of language attitudes and language use. The study on the attitudes and usage of Chinese people towards dialects and Putonghua in a certain sense belongs to the investigation of the national conditions of the language. It is of great social significance to understand the use and development of dialects and the practical problems in the popularization and implementation of Putonghua. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the attitude and language use of Qitai teenagers towards Qitai dialect and Putonghua. In this study, 400 junior and senior middle school students were studied. The data were collected by a pair of language changing experiments and a questionnaire survey of language use, supplemented by interviews. First of all, the paired language change experiment was carried out. Through the questionnaire, the author selected 50 Han junior high school students and 50 senior high school students who had been studying in Qitai as the source of the students. In the experiment, the 100 students were used as subjects to investigate Qitai dialect and Putonghua attitude from two aspects of affinity and social status. According to different gender and different educational background, the author makes statistical and comparative analysis on the language attitude of the subjects. Then, 400 junior and senior middle school students were asked about the use of Qitai dialect and Putonghua, and the data were obtained from four dimensions: family, school, friends, and public places. The collected data are analyzed by the method of data statistics, and the effective data are analyzed and processed by SPSS. At the same time, the author also selects 20 people randomly from the study subjects to conduct audio interviews in order to carry out the matching experiment and the results of the questionnaire to make them more reliable and authentic. Through data processing and analysis, this paper draws the following conclusions: 1) the Qidai teenagers are highly evaluated on the level of affinity to Qitai dialect, which can indicate the potential reputation of the dialect. At the same time, at the level of social status, the evaluation of Putonghua is higher than that of Qitai dialect, which shows that all the subjects can recognize the importance of Putonghua. It shows that Putonghua promotion is quite effective. 2) the language attitudes of Qitai teenagers towards Qitai dialect and Putonghua vary slightly according to their gender and educational background. In terms of affinity and social status, women's evaluation of Qitai dialect is slightly lower than that of men, while that of mandarin is slightly higher than that of men, but the gender difference is not very obvious. Secondly, high school students' evaluation of Qitai dialect is slightly lower than that of junior high school students, indicating that the higher the level of education, the more inclined the language attitude is to Putonghua. 3) most of the subjects can speak Qitai dialect fluently, and all of them can speak Putonghua. Both at home, at school and with friends, most of the subjects used a mix of local dialect and Mandarin. In public, however, the frequency of dialect use has been greatly reduced. The conclusion of this paper reflects the present attitude towards Qidai dialect and Putonghua and the real situation of language use, which can provide valuable data for future research on this aspect.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H172.2

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