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两岸异形英源外来词比较研究

发布时间:2018-06-03 09:07

  本文选题:异形 + 同义 ; 参考:《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文


【摘要】:当前,两岸语言的对比研究较为火热,而且成果较多,但是“英源外来词”的对比研究还很少见。“英源外来词”的研究视角仍然比较传统,主要包括分类、借用方式、本土化过程等几个大的方面。从形式和意义出发对两岸的语言进行比较的对象大部分都为汉语本土词汇,而且大多数集中于“同形异义词”的比较研究。对于“异形同义”这个角度的研究甚少,加之“英源外来词”这个专题,其范围更小,研究目的更加明确。文章综合使用现代语言学研究方法,包括定量与定性分析法、统计法、列表法、语料库法、田野调查法等结合历史学、文化学、社会学、心理学的相关知识对两岸异形英源外来词进行研究。论文站在前人研究的基础上定义了“异形”“同义”“英源外来词”三个概念,从词形出发对词义进行比较,从词义出发比较词形。在定量分析的基础上,观测两岸英源外来词呈现出的异同趋势及其原因。就文章主要内容来说,文章一共分为五章,每一章内容都紧密相连。第一章为绪论部分,这一章介绍了论文写作的背景,也就是两岸在吸收英源外来词经历的不同历史阶段。还介绍了论文相关主题的研究现状,在此基础上对论文的研究方法进行了说明,并且解答了论文写作时可能面对的难点。第二章为定义部分,对“异形英源外来词”这个概念进行分解,在查阅资料和引用前人观点的基础上分别解释了“异形”和“同义”。具体解释了本文的“异形”和传统意义上的“异形”的不同之处,分别举例说明了“完全异形”和“部分异形”两类情况。而“同义”主要采取的观点是葛本仪的观点。对“同义”的解释也并在此基础上完整解答了什么是“异形英源外来词”。第三章是对两岸异形英源外来词进行的书写形式上的比较,这个比较是以“同义”为基础,把“英源外来词”进行分类,主要探讨了等义的英源外来词和色彩意义不同的英源外来词在书写形式上出现的不同情况。在探讨之后,借鉴了台湾竺家宁的研究进行检验。研究结果是,两岸的英源外来词的确存在很多的异形同义的情况,部分异形的英源外来词在数量上比完全异形的英源外来词多很多。拿英源外来词内部的书写形式——字的差别来说,更多呈现出来一字之差、二字之差。这一情况又说明了两岸其实在同一个语言背景之下,外来词的借用具有相通性,这种相通性也是两岸语言实现统一规划的一个必备的条件。除了用字上的区别,本章还简单涉及到了两岸英源外来词词长上的对比,综合分析来看,台湾方面更加倾向于简单化,尤其是音译词,在翻译的过程中,台湾方面更容易在语音上简省,而大陆的“一音节一汉字”原则则比较明显。第四章对两岸异形英源外来词在语义上进行了比较。以“完全异形”和“部分异形”为基本框架,研究了两岸异形英源外来词在词汇意义、色彩意义和语法意义上面的区别。词汇意义的比较从义项不同的比较出发,分析了从翻译的角度分析了义项不同的原因。语义上的比较,最为不同的还是色彩意义上的区别,文章对色彩意义进行了分类,其中比较明显的差别的是“外来色彩”和“本土色彩”。这两种色彩的产生主要也是翻译方法,尤其是用字文化上面的区别。经过研究,我们认为,台湾方面语言的本土色彩更为浓郁,这和其本土语言的保存以及汉语文化的弘扬有较大的关系,大陆方面英源外来词的外来色彩比较浓郁,主要是由于翻译传统和语言的开放性引起的。最后,还对两岸的异形同义英源外来词进行了语法意义上的比较。从词类的借用等级出发,对其进行研究,我们发现,在语法意义上的区别并不是很明显,我们能找到的例子也寥寥无几,这不是文章对比的重点,但是语法意义的比较却给我们汉语外来词的研究开辟了一个比较新的领域。第五章从应用的角度出发对两岸异形英源外来词进行了分析,从翻译活动、用字文化和应用领域三个大的方面出发对其应用情况进行了分析。文章进一步解释了什么是翻译活动,以及从“归化音译”和“异化音译”两个角度说明了两岸翻译活动的不同,翻译活动的不同是形成两岸异形英源外来词的主要原因。其次,用字文化的分析,主要从一些专有名词入手,文章主要以《汉语外来词词典》为语料,解释了音译人名的用字文化,相关药品类用字文化,化学元素用字文化,简单涉及了生活类英源外来词的用字文化。两岸在英源外来词上的用字文化有所差异,其实也和两岸的政治关系有关,这在文章中有相关论述。除此之外,我们从语义出发,给异形同义英源外来词进行应用领域上的分类,主要分为了生活、科技、商品、电影、地名、人名等几类,参照整体上英源外来词的领域,通过数量分析,观察二者的不同领域分布,得出结论是异形英源外来词的分布领域不如整体上的英源外来词分布领域广泛,而且拥有数量较多的异形英源外来词领域多为与生活密切相关而且在台湾光复之后生命力比较强、发展空间比较大的领域。
[Abstract]:At present, the comparative study between the two sides of the two sides of the Taiwan Strait is relatively hot and more successful, but the comparative study of "angyuan loanwords" is still rare. The research perspective of "angyuan loanwords" is still relatively traditional, mainly including the classification, borrowing and localization. From the form and significance, the language of the two sides is compared. Most of the objects are Chinese native words, and most of them are concentrated in the comparative study of "homonym". There are few studies on the angle of "heteronym". In addition, the topic of "English source loanwords" has a smaller scope and more clear purpose. The article combines modern linguistics research methods, including quantitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative analysis, statistical method, list method, corpus method, field investigation method and other related knowledge of history, culture, sociology and psychology are used to study the foreign words of the cross straits. On the basis of previous studies, three concepts of "heteromorphism" "synonym" and "English source loanwords" are defined. On the basis of quantitative analysis, on the basis of quantitative analysis, we observe the similarities and differences between the two sides of the two sides of the two sides and the reasons. In the main content of the article, the article is divided into five chapters, each chapter is closely connected. The first chapter is the introduction part, which introduces the background of the paper writing, that is, both sides of the paper. In absorbing the different historical stages of the experience of English loanwords, this paper also introduces the research status of the related topics of the paper, and on this basis, explains the research methods of the thesis, and answers the difficulties that may be faced in the paper writing. The second chapter is the definition part of the concept of "alien English Loanwords", and to consult the capital. The "heteromorphism" and "synonym" were explained separately on the basis of the predecessors' views, and the differences between the "heteromorphism" and the "heteromorphism" in the traditional meaning were explained in detail, and the two categories of "completely heteromorphism" and "partial heteromorphism" were illustrated with examples. The explanation of "synonym" is also explained on the basis of what is "alien word foreign words". The third chapter is a comparison of the written forms of foreign words from the two sides of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. The comparison is based on the "synonym" as the basis for the classification of "English source loanwords", and mainly discusses the equal meaning of the English foreign words and color meaning. According to the study of Taiwan Zhu Jianing, the English Loanwords in Taiwan have been tested. The result is that there are a lot of heteromorphism in the English loanwords on both sides of the Straits, and the number of foreign words in some foreign English source is much more than that of the completely alien English words. In terms of the differences in the written form of the loanwords, the difference between the words, the difference between the words and the difference between the two characters, shows that the borrowing of the loanwords is interlinked in the same language background, which is also a necessary condition for the unified programming of the reality of the two sides of the Straits. The difference in this chapter is simply related to the contrast between the length of the foreign words and words in the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. In a comprehensive analysis, the Taiwan aspect is more prone to simplification, especially the transliteration words. In the process of translation, Taiwan is easier to save in pronunciation, while the principle of "one syllable one Chinese character" is more obvious in the mainland. The fourth chapter is on the cross straits. The English source loanwords are compared in semantics. With the basic framework of "complete heteromorphism" and "partial heteromorphism", the differences in lexical meaning, color meaning and grammatical meaning between the two sides of the two sides of the two sides are studied. The comparison of lexical meaning from the comparison of different meanings is made and the analysis of different meanings from the perspective of translation is made. The reasons. The semantic comparison, the most different or the difference in color meaning, the article classifies the meaning of color, and the obvious difference is "foreign color" and "native color". The two colors are mainly produced by the translation method, especially the difference between the use of the word culture. The native language of the Bay has a stronger local color, which has a great relationship with the preservation of its native language and the promotion of Chinese culture. The foreign words in the mainland have a strong foreign color, mainly due to the tradition of translation and the openness of the language. Finally, the grammatical meaning of the foreign words from the two sides of the two sides of the two sides is also carried out. We find that the difference in grammatical meaning is not very obvious, and that we can find few examples. This is not the focus of the comparison, but the comparison of grammatical meaning has opened up a new field for the study of Chinese loanwords. Fifth From the perspective of application, the paper analyzes the foreign words of the two sides of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. From the three aspects of the translation activities, the use of the culture and the application field, the application of the foreign words is analyzed. The article further explains what is the translation activity, and from the two angles of "naturalized transliteration" and "dissimilation transliteration". The difference in translation activities and the difference in translation activities are the main reasons for the formation of foreign words from the two sides of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. Secondly, the analysis of the culture of the words is mainly based on some proper nouns. The article mainly explains the culture of the word use of the transliteration of the names of people, with the dictionary of Chinese loanwords as the corpus, and the culture of the characters and characters, the culture of the use of chemical elements, and the simplicity of the culture of the chemical elements. It involves the culture of the word use of the living English loanwords. The cultural differences between the two sides of the two sides of the two sides are related to the political relations between the two sides of the Straits. According to the field of English foreign words as a whole, the distribution of the two different fields is observed by quantitative analysis. The conclusion is that the distribution domain of the foreign words is not as wide as the whole of the English loanwords on the whole, and the number of foreign words with a large number of foreign sources is mostly in the field. Life is closely related, and after Taiwan's recovery, its vitality is relatively strong and its development space is relatively large.
【学位授予单位】:山东师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:H136.5

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本文编号:1972233


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