人工耳蜗植入儿童的汉语声调范畴感知与噪音音质研究

发布时间：2018-12-08 06:54

【摘要】：人工耳蜗是一种帮助双耳重度或极重度感音神经性耳聋患者重新获取听力的电子装置。随着人工耳蜗植入技术的发展,语前聋儿童的听觉感知和语音产出取得了巨大的改善,然而,与正常儿童相比,仍然存在明显的障碍。关于这一问题的研究,专门针对汉语母语儿童的还很少见。考虑到声调语言的独特之处,本文用实验方法考察了人工耳蜗植入儿童在汉语声调感知和嗓音音质方面的特点。本文招募了 10名(4-5岁)说汉语普通话的人工耳蜗植入儿童(都是语前聋)以及10名听力正常儿童和10名听力正常的成年人,均是3女7男的组合。感知辨识测试用了两个基于基频变化合成的阴平-阳平声调连续统(ST1-ST2),阴平-去声声调连续统(ST1-ST4)。各组被试均完成了对这两个声调连续统的感知实验,其中人工耳蜗植入儿童分别在单模(只右耳佩戴人工耳蜗)和双模(右耳佩戴人工耳蜗和左耳佩戴助听器)条件完成了感知实验。除此之外人工耳蜗植入儿童组和正常儿童组还完成了持续单元音(/a/, /i/,/u/)的产出实验,用以考察嗓音音质上的差异,以窥探人工耳蜗植入儿童可能存在的嗓音问题。研究发现:(1)人工耳蜗植入儿童和正常儿童在对阴平-阳平、阴平-去声的辨识测试上都表现出了一定的范畴化特征。(2)由于助听器没有经过精细调节,人工耳蜗植入儿童对汉语声调的感知,很难突显出双模优势,反而在单模下表现更好。(3)对汉语普通话阴平-阳平、阴平-去声的声调连续统的感知,人工耳蜗植入儿童在单模状态下与同龄正常儿童的范畴敏感度相近,而在双模状态下范畴敏感度反而较低。(4)无论是人工耳蜗植入儿童,正常儿童还是正常成人,对阴平-去声声调连续统的感知,范畴性比对阴平-阳平声调连续统的感知更强。(5)正常成人无论是在感知阴平-阳平还是阴平-去声声调连续统时,范畴感知的敏感度都高于正常儿童和人工耳蜗植入儿童。(6)人工耳蜗植入儿童的元音声学空间比正常儿童的元音声学空间面积小。(7)对于持续单元音/a/的产出,人工耳蜗植入儿童和正常儿童相比,声带稍有漏气,声带闭合不完全。本文用听辨实验的方法考察了 4-5岁人工耳蜗植入儿童对声调感知的范畴化特征,比较了人工耳蜗植入儿童在双模和单模条件下声调范畴感知的结果,并与健听成人和健听同龄正常儿童做了比较分析。同时,用声学分析的方法,从基频、第一共振峰、第二共振峰以及元音的声学空间和谐波差值这几项声学参数出发,考察了人工耳蜗植入儿童在嗓音音质上的问题,为言语康复治疗提供参考。
[Abstract]:Cochlear prosthesis is an electronic device to help patients with severe or extremely severe sensorineural hearing loss. With the development of cochlear implantation technology, the auditory perception and speech output of children with prelingual deafness have greatly improved. However, compared with normal children, there are still obvious obstacles. Research on this issue is rare, especially for Chinese native language children. Considering the unique features of tone language, the characteristics of Chinese tone perception and voice quality in children with cochlear implantation were investigated experimentally. Ten children (4-5 years old) with mandarin speaking cochlear implants (all prelingual deafness), 10 normal hearing children and 10 adults with normal hearing were recruited. The perceptual identification tests are conducted using two ST1-ST2 and ST1-ST4 based on fundamental frequency variation synthesis. Each group of subjects completed the perception of the two tone continuum experiments, Cochlear implants were tested in single mode (right ear only wearing cochlear implant) and double mode (right ear wearing cochlear implant and left ear hearing aid). In addition, the cochlear implant group and the normal children group also completed a continuous unit sound (/ a / r, / I / r /) output experiment to examine the differences in voice quality. To explore possible voice problems in children with cochlear implants. The results showed that: (1) Children with cochlear implants and normal children showed certain categorization characteristics in the identification tests of Yin Yang Ping, Yin Ping and Yin Ping acoustics. (2) because hearing aids were not carefully regulated, The perception of Chinese tone in cochlear implant children is difficult to highlight the advantage of double mode, but it is better in single mode. (3) perception of the tone continuum of Putonghua. The category sensitivity of cochlear implant children was similar to that of normal children of the same age in single mode state, but lower in double mode state. (4) whether cochlear implant children, normal children or normal adults, cochlear implant children, normal children and normal adults, The perception of Yinpin-de-tone continuum is more categorical than that of Yinpin-Yangping continuous system. (5) when the normal adults are aware of the Yinpin-Yangping or the Yinpin-de-tone continuum, the sense is stronger than that of the Yinpin-Yangping continuous system. (5) when the normal adults are aware of the Yinpin-Yangping or the Yinpin-de-tone continuum, The sensitivity of category perception was higher than that of normal children and cochlear implant children. (6) the acoustical space of vowel in cochlear implant children was smaller than that in normal children. Cochlear implant children than normal children, vocal cord leak slightly, vocal cord closure is incomplete. In this paper, the categorization characteristics of tone perception in children aged 4-5 years with cochlear implants were investigated by hearing experiment, and the results of tonal category perception in children with cochlear implants were compared under two-mode and single-mode conditions. A comparative analysis was made with the normal children of the same age as the adults and the normal children of the same age. At the same time, the acoustic parameters of the fundamental frequency, the first resonance peak, the second resonance peak, and the acoustic space and harmonic difference of the vowel were used to investigate the voice quality of the children with cochlear implant. To provide reference for speech rehabilitation therapy.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H116.4

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