法国传教士顾赛芬《官话常谈指南》研究

发布时间：2018-12-08 12:51

【摘要】：本文的研究对象,是法国传教士顾赛芬(Seraphin Couvreur,1835-1919)编写的汉语教材《官话常谈指南》(Langue Mandarine Guide De La Conversation Francais-Anglais-Chinois Contenant Un Vocabulaire Et Des Dialogues et Familiers,1890)。该书采用英法双语对译,适用面广,是一本初级的汉语口语教材。本文主要从语音、词汇、语法三个方面来论述该教材的编排和教学特点。第一章绪论,概述本文的研究对象、研究意义和研究现状,介绍采用的理论、方法和语料来源。第二章概述,主要介绍顾赛芬的生平及著作,并从教材内容、编写体例、教材定位三个方面对《官话常谈指南》进行概述。第三章语音教学,主要对顾赛芬自创的语音系统进行分析,将其和当时使用最广的威妥玛拼音以及法国汉学家微席叶(Arnold Jaques Vissiere 1858~1930)创造的法国远东学院拼音进行比较。顾赛芬拼音系统是在威妥玛拼音系统的基础上,结合法语中的发音创制的一套较科学的拼音系统,并对后来的法国远东学院拼音的形成具有启示作用,但是顾赛芬拼音记录的语音是受方言影响的官话。第四章词汇教学,本章主要对词汇的选用和编排、词汇内容以及教学方式进行分析。词汇章按照话题将词语进行集中编排,词语数量适当,选词贴近中国文化。但是重点不突出,并且缺少注释和例句。第五章语法教学,本章主要从词法和句法两个方面来分析该教材的语法教学特点。顾赛芬将汉语词汇分成6类,虽然分类不够完善,但是比较明确。教材的句子教学隐含在课文当中,本文选取了教材中出现最多的两类句型(疑问句和祈使句)和句式(比较句和“有”字句)进行分析。教材基本涵盖了这两种句型和句式所有下位类型,但是这些句子的数量及分布不平衡。第六章评价,《官话常谈指南》是一本法英双语释义的初级汉语口语教材,适用面较广。体例周全,话题多样,基本遵循循序渐进的编排原则,是19世纪末一套比较优秀的初级汉语口语教材。
[Abstract]:The research object of this paper is (Langue Mandarine Guide De La Conversation Francais-Anglais-Chinois Contenant Un Vocabulaire Et Des Dialogues et Familiers,1890, a Chinese textbook written by French missionary Seraphin Couvreur,1835-1919. The book is a primary oral Chinese textbook with English and French bilingual translation. This paper mainly discusses the arrangement and teaching characteristics of the textbook from three aspects: phonetics, vocabulary and grammar. The first chapter is introduction, which summarizes the research object, research significance and current situation, and introduces the theory, method and source of corpus. The second chapter is an overview of Gu Saifen's life and works, and gives an overview of Guanyuan's Guide from three aspects: the content of the textbook, the way of writing and the orientation of the textbook. The third chapter mainly analyzes the phonetic system created by Gusefen, and compares it with Wade Pinyin, which was widely used at that time, and the pinyin of French far East Academy, which was created by French sinologist (Arnold Jaques Vissiere 1858 (1930). The Gusefen Pinyin system is a more scientific phonetic system based on the Wade Pinyin system combined with the pronunciation in French, and has an enlightening effect on the formation of the Pinyin of the French far East Institute. But the phonetics recorded by Gu Seifen is a dialect-influenced dialect. Chapter IV: vocabulary teaching, this chapter mainly analyzes the choice and arrangement of vocabulary, vocabulary content and teaching methods. The lexical chapter arranges the words according to the topic, the number of words is appropriate, and the choice of words is close to Chinese culture. But the emphasis is not strong, and there is a lack of comments and examples. Chapter V: grammar teaching. This chapter analyzes the features of grammar teaching from lexical and syntactic aspects. Gu Saifen divides Chinese vocabulary into 6 categories, although the classification is not perfect, but relatively clear. The sentence teaching of the textbook is implicit in the text. This paper selects the two kinds of sentence patterns (interrogative sentence and imperative sentence) and sentence pattern (comparative sentence and "you" sentence) that appear most frequently in the textbook to carry on the analysis. The textbook basically covers the two sentence patterns and all the subordinate types of sentence patterns, but the number and distribution of these sentences are not balanced. The sixth chapter evaluates that the Guide to Mandarin is a primary spoken Chinese textbook which is widely used in English and English. It is an excellent primary spoken Chinese textbook at the end of the 19th century.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.4

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