中美语言学研究生硕士论文摘要的语步词块特征对比研究

发布时间：2019-02-16 10:44

【摘要】：英文摘要是论文的缩略图,帮助读者快速把握文章内容和框架也是衡量论文是否符合国际论文标准的计量尺,对摘要的研究显得格外重要。因此,对摘要写作的研究越来越流行,尤其是从词块或体裁角度。然而将二者结合在一起的研究却很少。作为体裁研究的重要部分,语步是文本的语篇单位,不同功能的语步构成一份文本完整的语篇结构。学术领域内关于语步的研究大致分为三类模型,即Santos的五语步模型,Swales的CARS模型以及IMRD模型。词块,作为三个或以上词语构成的复现序列,熟练其使用对于语言产出尤其是论文写作的流畅性和准确性非常重要。作为文本的重要载体,熟练使用词块是本族语化的体现,其重要性不可小觑。在各语步熟练使用正确词块更是写好语篇的体现。本研究基于语料库的研究方法,收集中美语言学研究生硕士论文各200篇并取其摘要作为语料库,以Swales的IMRD语步模式为模型,参考Biber etal’s在学术领域对词块的12种结构分类和Hyland的三种功能分类,对比研究中美语言学研究生在论文摘要各语步的三词词块特征以及目标词块在各语步上所行使的语篇功能有何侧重。研究表明,结构上,在语步种类和单个语步使用频率上,中外论文作者存在显著区别。美国论文作者多使用四语步模式,且在各语步上的比例分配较均匀;而中国论文作者偏好三语步模式且各语步比例分布不均。中国论文作者在词块数量上远多于美国论文作者,但在词块多样化程度上不及。结果语步词块对比表明中国论文作者偏好演绎思维模式,而美国论文作者偏好归纳思维模式。功能上,在研究导向型词块和参与导向型词块的分布上存在显著区别,美国论文作者在各语步上的研究导向型词块分布更为均匀,中国论文作者波动较大。在结论语步和讨论语步,中国论文作者导向型词块的数目远大于本美国论文作者,表明中西方之间文化和思维模式上存在差异,美国论文作者倾向于更加直观公正地陈述结论。本研究希望能给中国硕士研究生在英文论文摘要的写作方面有所启示。
[Abstract]:English abstract is the thumbnail of the paper. It helps readers to grasp the content and framework of the article quickly and is also a measure to measure whether the paper conforms to the international standard of papers. Therefore, the research on the abstract is particularly important. Therefore, the study of abstract writing is becoming more and more popular, especially from the perspective of lexical chunks or genre. However, few studies have combined the two. As an important part of genre study, Sequential step is the textual unit of the text. The research on Sequential step in academic field can be divided into three types: Santos's five-language step model, Swales's CARS model and IMRD model. Lexical chunks, as a repetition sequence of three or more words, are very important for the fluency and accuracy of language production, especially for the writing of papers. As an important carrier of text, proficient use of lexical chunks is the embodiment of native language, and its importance should not be underestimated. Skillful use of correct lexical chunks in every step is the embodiment of writing well. Based on the corpus approach, this study collected 200 master's theses of Chinese and American graduate students in linguistics and used their abstracts as a corpus, using Swales's IMRD model as a model. Referring to the 12 types of structural classification of lexical chunks and the three functional classifications of Hyland in the academic field of Biber etal's, A comparative study of the features of three-word lexical chunks in each step and the textual function of target lexical chunks in each step is made by Chinese and American linguistics graduate students. The results show that there are significant differences between Chinese and foreign authors in terms of the types of steps and the frequency of single step use. American paper writers mostly use the four-language step model, and the proportion of each step is more evenly distributed, while the Chinese paper author prefers the three-step model and the proportion of each step is uneven. The number of lexical chunks in China is much higher than that in American ones, but it is not as diverse as lexical chunks. Results the comparison of step lexical chunks shows that Chinese authors prefer deductive thinking mode while American authors prefer inductive thinking mode. In terms of function, there are significant differences in the distribution of study oriented lexical chunks and participation-oriented lexical chunks. American authors distribute more evenly in each step, and Chinese authors fluctuate greatly. In conclusion and discussion, the number of lexical chunks of Chinese writers is much larger than that of American authors, indicating that there are differences in cultural and thinking patterns between China and the West, and American authors tend to present their conclusions more intuitively and fairly. The purpose of this study is to enlighten Chinese graduate students in the writing of English thesis abstracts.
【学位授予单位】：杭州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136;H313

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