精神的囚禁与解脱——论库切小说《耻》中的生存异化

发布时间：2018-01-02 03:03

本文关键词：精神的囚禁与解脱——论库切小说《耻》中的生存异化　出处：《外语与外语教学》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：异化,既关乎自我,也涉及其境遇,即自我与其所处的环境疏远或被分离。异化使人感觉自身无能、精神迷惘、生活无意义。南非作家库切的小说《耻》塑造的异化者形象主要体现为价值异化、习惯性行为异化和角色异化。大学教授卢里的价值观与整个社会的价值观是疏离的,他只从自己的角度考虑问题,很少考虑他人以及整个社会的价值取向;人们想当然地认为只要是与习惯不同的做法,大家就有理由排斥它、抵制它,结果卢里进一步被周围的环境所异化;作为教师、父亲的卢里对自己所担当的社会角色也产生了错乱,他个人的价值取向总是与他的社会角色发生冲突。遭遇异化的卢里在亲身经历了他加之于别人身上的痛苦后,开始反思和自醒,最终以赎罪的心态接受了痛苦,将自己被异化的精神从囚禁中解放出来。
[Abstract]:Alienation is not only related to the ego but also to its circumstances, that is, the alienation or separation of the self from the environment in which it is located. Alienation makes people feel incompetent and spiritually confused. Life is meaningless. The dissimilator image created by South African writer Kuchet's novel "shame" is mainly embodied in value alienation. Dissimilation of habitual behavior and dissimilation of role. The values of the university professor Luli are alienated from the values of the whole society. He only considers the problems from his own point of view and seldom considers the value orientation of others and the whole society. People take it for granted that as long as it is different from custom, there is a reason to reject it and resist it. As a result, Luli is further alienated by the surrounding environment; As a teacher, his father, Luli, was also confused about his social role. His personal value orientation always conflicts with his social role. After personally experiencing the pain he has inflicted on others, Luli begins to reflect and wake up, and finally accepts the pain with the attitude of atonement. Liberate oneself from the captivity of the spirit of alienation.
【作者单位】：东北师范大学外国语学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大招标项目“百年来欧美文学中国化进程研究”(项目编号:11&ZD136)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：I478.074
【正文快照】： 1.引言“异化”是一个复杂的概念,前苏联社会学家伊戈尔·谢苗诺维奇·科恩(Igor Se-myonovich Kon,1928-2011)提出,“就其在社会科学中通常被使用的意义来看,异化表示作为局部的个体与整体的疏远和分离。在一般意义上,异化指疏远或分离这一客观现实、被疏远的个体的感受以及

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