论《店员》中主人公弗兰克健全人格的形成

发布时间：2018-01-21 02:12

本文关键词： 原型阴影人格面具自性原型　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：马拉默德(Malamud,1914-1986)是美国犹太作家,被评论界誉为20世纪犹太味最浓的作家,以其鲜明的犹太性在纷繁多变的美国文坛独树一帜,自成风格。他一生共创作8部长篇小说,四部短篇小说集。1957年发表的长篇小说《店员》是马拉默德的代表作之一。多年来,国内外学者评论家对小说《店员》进行了多方面的研究。其中对犹太主题、受难主题、犹太文化等主题的研究占很大比重。国外研究大约是从20世纪60年代开始,时至今日,已有20多部论述马拉默德及其作品的著作发表。国内研究开始的较晚,大约是20世纪90年代。本篇论文运用分析心理学家荣格的原型理论剖析《店员》中的主人公弗兰克健全人格的形成。论文正文共分为三部分:第一章研究小说中的人物沃德(Ward Minogue)对弗兰克身上的阴影投射。首先,指出阴影原型是我们自己内心深处隐藏的心理层面,大部分是让我们感到羞愧或难堪的内容。其次,论述了阴影对人的行为所造成的影响,以及小说中阴影原型在主人公身上的体现。接下来,论文分析了阴影出现并对人的行为产生影响的原因。原因有四:遗传因素、家庭因素、教育和社会因素。阴影原型的显现是健全人格形成的重要步骤之一,我们应正视阴影的存在,并努力促进阴影的升华。第二章研究了主人公弗兰克的人格面具。圣人弗朗西斯(St.Francis)是弗兰克的人格面具。首先对弗朗西斯的圣人形象进行了剖析,指出人格面具的作用及其在人物弗兰克身上的体现。人格面具与阴影是对立统一的关系。正是在人格面具的作用下,阴影原型逐渐升华,对人类行为产生的影响逐渐减弱。人格面具的存在对人格的发展是必须的,虽然人格面具与阴影之间的冲突能够促进阴影的升华,但其作用有限,需要在自我原型的帮助下,实现健全人格。第三章主要研究自性原型。首先,阐述了自性原型的定义及其协调统一功能,然后运用小说人物毛利斯(Morris)作为自性原型对人物弗兰克进行分析。指出正是在毛利斯这一自性原型的道德榜样的作用下,弗兰克认识到了自己人格的缺陷,并努力朝着健全人格的方向发展。人格的发展其实就是个性化的过程,因为每个人的人格都具有独特性,虽然追求健全人格的目标是一致的。阴影,人格面具和自性原型都是人格的重要组成部分,缺一不可,正是各部分间的相互作用促进了人格的生成,并使其朝着健全人格的方向发展。健全人格的形成对个体和社会的进步发展都是多有助益的。
[Abstract]:Malamudn (1914-1986) is an American Jewish writer who was praised by critics as the most Jewish writer in 20th century. With its distinctive Jewish character in the complex and changeable American literary world, his unique style. He created a total of 8 novels in his life. Four collections of short stories. In 1957, the novel "the shopkeeper" was one of Malamud's masterpieces. For many years. Scholars and critics at home and abroad have studied the novel "shop assistant" from many aspects, including Jewish theme and crucifixion theme. Jewish culture and other topics account for a large proportion of the study. Foreign research began about 1960s, to this day. More than 20 books on Malamud and his works have been published. About 1990s. This paper uses the archetypal theory of Jung, an analytical psychologist, to analyze the formation of Frank's sound personality as the protagonist in "salesperson". The text of the thesis is divided into three parts:. Chapter one studies the characters of Ward (. The shadow cast on Frank by Ward Minogue. First of all. It is pointed out that the archetype of shadow is a hidden psychological aspect in our own heart, most of which make us feel ashamed or embarrassed. Secondly, the influence of shadow on human behavior is discussed. And the shadow prototype in the novel in the body of the embodiment of the protagonist. Next, the paper analyzes the emergence of shadow and the impact on human behavior reasons. There are four reasons: genetic factors, family factors. The manifestation of shadow archetype is one of the important steps in the formation of sound personality. We should face up to the existence of shadow. And try to promote the sublimation of shadow. Chapter two studies the character mask of the protagonist Frank. It is Frank's personality mask. First of all, the image of Francis as a saint is analyzed. It points out that the role of personality mask and its embodiment in the character Frank. The relationship between personality mask and shadow is unity of opposites. It is under the action of personality mask that the shadow prototype gradually sublimates. The existence of personality mask is necessary for the development of personality. Although the conflict between personality mask and shadow can promote the sublimation of shadow, its function is limited. With the help of self-archetype, we need to realize sound personality. Chapter three mainly studies the prototype of the nature. Firstly, the definition of the archetype and its function of coordination and unification are expounded. Then the author uses the novel character Morriss as the archetypal of the self to analyze the character Frank and points out that it is under the influence of the moral example of the archetype of Morriss. Frank realized the defects of his personality and tried to develop towards the direction of sound personality. The development of personality is actually a process of individuation, because everyone's personality is unique. Although the goal of pursuing a sound personality is consistent. Shadow, personality mask and the prototype of the personality are important parts of the personality, indispensable, it is the interaction between the various parts of the promotion of the formation of personality. And make it develop towards the direction of sound personality, the formation of sound personality is more helpful to the development of individual and society.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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