布罗茨基的诗歌艺术

发布时间：2018-02-08 08:37

本文关键词： 布罗茨基格律系统体裁变形叙事策略对话意识　出处：《上海外国语大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：约瑟夫·亚历山大罗维奇·布罗茨基(ИосифАлександровичБродский)(1940-1996),俄裔美籍诗人,1987年诺贝尔文学奖获得者。布罗茨基把不同时代、不同语种和不同大师的诗歌遗产融会贯通于自己的创作中,他给后人留下了一笔丰富的文学和文化遗产,成为20世纪最杰出的诗人之一。本论文结合布罗茨基创作时期的社会历史、思想文化背景等外部条件,立足于布罗茨基所有时期俄语诗歌的文本细读,分别从格律系统、体裁变形、叙事策略和对话意识四个维度对其创作进行梳理、分析、整合与阐释。布罗茨基的格律系统是其诗歌艺术的重要组成部分。本论文首先从符号、格律与意义作为切入点,继而以统计学的方式研究布罗茨基流亡前后的创作在格律上的诸多变化,揭示布罗茨基诗歌的音乐性以及所崇尚的一种音乐精神。接下来分别从牧歌变形:应答策略,哀歌变形:同化策略,十四行诗变形:游戏策略三方面来分析布罗茨基诗歌的体裁变形,来揭示布罗茨基在古典诗歌体裁运用上的的继承和革新,这种古今形式上的独一无二的结合,是现代文学在思维方式上自觉的趋势。在叙事策略这一维度中,概述了诗歌的叙事性,阐释了布罗茨基在叙事诗中所用的策略:历史的再造与修补,通过这一策略达到叙事的完整。与此同时,在诗人的抒情诗中,抒情主人公总是处在边缘化的悲凉情境里,这种离心式体验是诗人构建抒情诗叙事的又一策略。对话意识是本论文解读布罗茨基诗歌的最后一个维度,以巴赫金的对话理论为援引,阐述布罗茨基与俄罗斯诗歌传统的关系,分析布罗茨基的古希腊罗马文本,以及英国诗人奥登、波兰诗人米沃什和美国学者卡尔·普罗菲尔对他的影响。本论文通过四个维度对布罗茨基诗歌艺术的分析,构建出一种由内向外,由点及面的圆形批评以及开放式态度。呈现出布罗茨基博古通今、承前启后的诗人形象,他是一位技艺精湛的杰出诗人,无论在形式还是内容上,都有着一种继承与创新的自觉。他给后人留下了一笔丰富的文学与文化遗产,在20世纪的世界诗歌史上,他独特的个性与风格,及其崇高的美学精神为俄罗斯和俄语赢得了非同凡响、举世瞩目的荣誉。
[Abstract]:Joseph Alexander Lowich Brockie (the United States of America), Russian poet of American origin, Nobel Prize winner in 1987. Brodsky integrated the poetic heritage of different ages, languages and masters into his works. He left behind a rich literary and cultural heritage and became one of the most outstanding poets in 20th century. Based on the detailed reading of Russian poetry in all the periods of Brodsky, the author analyzes his creation from four dimensions: rhythm system, genre transformation, narrative strategy and dialogue consciousness. Integration and interpretation. Brodsky's rhythm system is an important part of his poetry art. Then, the author studies many changes in the rhythm of Brodsky's creation before and after exile, reveals the musicality of Brodsky's poems and the musical spirit that he admires. The transformation of lamentations: assimilation strategy, sonnet transformation: game strategy to analyze Brodsky's poetry genre transformation, to reveal Brodsky's inheritance and innovation in the use of classical poetry genre. This unique combination of ancient and modern forms is a self-conscious trend in the way of thinking in modern literature. In the dimension of narrative strategy, the narrative nature of poetry is summarized. This paper expounds the strategy used by Brodsky in narrative poetry: the reconstruction and repair of history, through which the narrative integrity is achieved. At the same time, in the poet's lyric poems, the lyric protagonist is always in the desolate situation of marginalization. This kind of centrifugal experience is another strategy for the poet to construct the narrative of lyric poetry. The consciousness of dialogue is the last dimension of the interpretation of Brodsky's poems, which is quoted from Bakhtin's theory of dialogue. This paper expounds the relationship between Brodsky and the tradition of Russian poetry, analyzes Brodsky's ancient Greek and Roman texts, and the English poet Oden. The influence of the Polish poet Milosz and the American scholar Carl Profield on him. This paper, through four dimensions of analysis of Brodsky's poetic art, constructs a kind of poetry from the inside to the outside. With a round criticism of points and faces and an open attitude, he presents the image of Brodsky as a poet of the past and of the future. He is an outstanding poet of exquisite skill, both in form and in content. He left behind a rich literary and cultural heritage. In 20th century, in the history of world poetry, he had a unique personality and style. And its lofty aesthetic spirit for Russia and Russian won extraordinary, world-renowned honor.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.072

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