古希腊文学中的“血亲杀戮”问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 20:26

本文选题：血亲杀戮　切入点：古希腊文学　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：古希腊文学中有诸多杀戮情节。“杀戮”是一个永恒的话题,“杀戮”带来的死亡不是生物学上的简单死亡,而是具有象征意义的,在这些生与死的纠葛中往往蕴含着人生奥义。值得注意的是,古希腊文学中的杀戮有一部分是家庭成员之间的自相残杀。这种血亲之间的残忍杀戮,比一般的杀戮更为暴力,也更发人深省。“血亲杀戮”反映出的是古希腊人对生与死的态度、对家庭观念的理解和对文明理性的探寻,在西方原始理性觉醒的时期,“血亲杀戮”带来的视觉和情感冲击激发了人类对生命、文明、身份地位的思考。本文以古希腊文学作品为依据,从“血亲杀戮”的多维类型入手,在人性、理性和性别三方面挖掘“血亲杀戮”背后隐藏的深层文化溯因,探讨古希腊文学中“血亲杀戮”问题的哲学意义。论文除引言和结语外,共分为三章。第一章,主要探讨“血亲杀戮”的多维类型呈现,通过对古希腊文学作品中“血亲杀戮”情节的梳理,将“血亲杀戮”归纳为权力争夺型、神yG惩罚型和情感复仇型三个方面。第一节权力争夺型,从权力的诱惑角度分析“血亲杀戮”的动机,父子兄弟之间因对王权的渴求而引发杀戮,在血浓于水的亲情与荣耀地位的较量中,占得上风的往往是后者。第二节神yG惩罚型,从发生在古希腊阿特柔斯家族、雅典王族和忒拜王族内部的“血亲杀戮”情节出发,剖析个人力量与神谕诅咒抗衡的结果,宿命成为古希腊英雄永恒的羁绊。第三节情感复仇型,通过对与“血亲杀戮”情节相关的女性形象进行分析,将女性“杀子”“弑夫”背后凸显出的性别认证和女性家庭地位问题逐一进行探讨。第二章,论述了“血亲杀戮”的文化溯因。将第一章中三种类型的“血亲杀戮”情节进行分析,从负面人性、理性觉醒和性别地位三个方面入手,深入探讨在古希腊文学中“血亲杀戮”情节屡屡出现的原因。第一节负面人性的回音,从原始恐惧、荣耀诱惑、恶欲复苏这三种人性弱点出发,挖掘在父子兄弟之间由权力争夺诱发出的人性阴暗面,以及因负面人性带来的惨痛教训,反映出古希腊人对人性的反思。第二节原始理性的觉醒,从古希腊人的神明敬畏、英雄崇拜以及理想秩序出发,分析古希腊文学“血亲杀戮”情节背后隐藏的对理性的执着追求和对文明的渴望。古希腊人在亟待建立的文明帝国与变幻莫测的自然王国中徘徊挣扎,残忍的“血亲杀戮”激起了他们对构建秩序的动力。第三节性别地位的较量,从情感审判、伦理革命、身份对立三方面审视古希腊文学中参与“血亲杀戮”的女性形象,探究古希腊女性地位的转换、婚姻家庭观念的构建和对血脉亲情的认同。第三章,论述“血亲杀戮”的哲学观照,从古希腊人的灵魂、精神和死亡观念出发,探讨古希腊文学中“血亲杀戮”情节所引发的哲学思考。第一节灵魂求索,以古希腊文学中的俄瑞斯忒斯、美狄亚、俄狄浦斯三个人物的“血亲杀戮”故事说开去,探讨亲情与正义、忠贞与骨肉、宿命与道德之间的关系。第二节精神还乡,从希腊人和希腊精神的角度出发,挖掘“血亲杀戮”这类故事中包含着的对希腊精神的诠释。第三节向死而生,以“血亲杀戮”带来的死亡为线索,试图发现古希腊人对死亡奥义的思索和追求,以及对凌驾于生死之上的人生意义哲学的观照。
[Abstract]:There are many killing plot in ancient Greek literature. "Killing" is an eternal topic, "killing of death" brings death is not biological, but has the symbolic meaning of life and death in these disputes often contains life meaning. It is worth noting that, in ancient Greek literature is killing one part is between family members. The consanguinity between each other for the brutal killing of more violent than general killings, more "blood killing" set people thinking. It reflects the ancient Greeks on the attitude of life and death, to understand and explore the concept of family of civilized and rational, in the original period of Western rational awakening "blood, killing the visual and emotional impact of inspiring human life, civilization, thinking status. Based on the ancient Greek literature as the basis, starting from the" multi type blood killing ", in Human nature, reason and gender three aspects of mining deep culture blood killing "hidden behind the abduction, explore the ancient Greek literature in" blood killing "problem of philosophical meanings. Besides the preface and conclusion, is divided into three chapters. The first chapter mainly discusses the" multidimensional type blood killing ", through to the ancient Greek literature in" blood killing "plot comb," blood will kill "into a power struggle, the three aspects of God yG punishment and emotional revenge. The first section is a power struggle, analysis of" blood killing "motivation from the temptation of power angle, and between the brothers and the king caused by craving killing, and glory in the family status of blood is thicker than water in the contest, the upper hand is usually the latter. The second section yG punishment from God, the Art Rou J family took place in ancient Greece, Athens and Thebes royal royal internal" blood The killing of the plot, analysis of personal power and Oracle curse against the results of the eternal fate, become the fetters of ancient Greek heroes. The third section type of emotional revenge, the female image is associated with "blood killing" plot analysis, the female "killed son" "Widowmaker" back highlights gender authentication and female family the status is discussed. The second chapter discusses the "blood killing" cultural abduction. Three types of the first chapter of "blood killing" plot analysis, from three aspects of negative personality, rational awakening and gender status of in-depth study in ancient Greek literature in "blood killing" plot repeatedly the first section of humanity. The negative echo from the original fear, the glory of temptation, to revive the three evil human weakness of mining in the power struggle between the brothers and father and son by inducing a man of dark side, And the bitter lessons brought by the negative nature, reflects the ancient Greeks reflection on human nature. The second section original the awakening of reason, ancient Greek gods of hero worship and awe, ideal order, behind the analysis of ancient Greek literature "blood killing" plot to hide to the pursuit of rational and civilized ancient Greeks in desire. Civilization and establishing the nature kingdoms change unpredictably in the struggle, the cruel "blood killing" aroused their power of social order construction. The third section sex status of the contest, from the emotional judgment, ethical revolution, three aspects of identity opposition examine "blood killing" in the female image in the ancient Greek literature, explore the transformation the status of women in ancient Greece, constructing the concept of marriage and family and identity of blood ties. The third chapter discusses the "philosophical reflection by killing", from the ancient Greeks. Soul, spirit and death concept of ancient Greek literature in "blood killing" plot caused by philosophical thinking. The first section is the soul searching, in ancient Greek literature in Orestes, Medea, Oedipus three characters "blood killing" story from that of love and justice. The relationship between loyalty and flesh, fate and moral spirit return. The second section, starting from the perspective of the Greeks and Greek spirit of the Greek spirit, interpretation of mining "blood killing" of the story contains. The third section to death, with "blood killing" brings death as a clue, trying to find the ancient the thinking and pursuit of the meaning of death, and the consideration of the above and on the meaning of life philosophy.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I545.06

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