在撒旦的磨坊与上帝的礼物之间——《美国野牛》中的生意、友谊和国家认同
发布时间：2018-07-16 20:57
【摘要】：《美国野牛》中围绕"美国野牛"币所发生的交易和友情分别从利己的市场和利他的礼物的角度,展现了剧作家对社会联系纽带的思索。野牛币的交易过程隐喻性地展开了对市场经济的伦理辩难,即自足市场所昭示的个人自由与平等也有可能形成对个人尊严的制度性羞辱。野牛币体现的友情则提出以礼物关系矫正冰冷的市场逻辑,但马梅特亦警示以理想化的友谊圈定社会可能在幻灭中生成犬儒人格的危险。剧作家细察个体交往的幽微目光最终探进美国自信精神之下的怀疑深处。"美国野牛"币以美国历史为隐喻,混融市场与礼物精神,并置历史聚焦下市场开拓进取的光明与其所掩隐的灰暗,以一种作为礼物的内省愧疚去面对历史的尴尬之处,这种近似宗教的情怀能够触发当时危机中美国精神的自我更新,强化社会内聚机制,《美国野牛》因而成为美国民族神话的复魅之作。
[Abstract]:The transaction and friendship around the "American bison" currency in American Buffalo show the playwright's thinking on the social bond from the angle of the market and altruistic gift respectively. The transaction process of bison coins metaphorically unfolds the ethical argument to the market economy, that is, the individual freedom and equality that the self-sufficient market declares may also form the institutional humiliation to the dignity of the individual. The friendship embodied in bison coin proposed that the cold market logic be corrected by gift relationship, but Mamet also warned of the danger of the formation of cynicism in the disillusionment of society by idealized friendship. The playwright's glimpses of personal interaction finally delve into the depths of American confidence. " The American Buffalo currency is a metaphor of American history, mixes the market with the spirit of gift, and sets the market's pioneering light and its hidden grey under the focus of history, and faces the embarrassment of history with a kind of introspection and guilt as a gift. This kind of similar religious feelings can trigger the self-renewal of the American spirit in the crisis at that time, strengthen the social cohesion mechanism, and thus become the reenchantment of the American national myth.
【作者单位】： 南京大学外国语学院;
【分类号】：I712.073
本文编号：2127650
[Abstract]:The transaction and friendship around the "American bison" currency in American Buffalo show the playwright's thinking on the social bond from the angle of the market and altruistic gift respectively. The transaction process of bison coins metaphorically unfolds the ethical argument to the market economy, that is, the individual freedom and equality that the self-sufficient market declares may also form the institutional humiliation to the dignity of the individual. The friendship embodied in bison coin proposed that the cold market logic be corrected by gift relationship, but Mamet also warned of the danger of the formation of cynicism in the disillusionment of society by idealized friendship. The playwright's glimpses of personal interaction finally delve into the depths of American confidence. " The American Buffalo currency is a metaphor of American history, mixes the market with the spirit of gift, and sets the market's pioneering light and its hidden grey under the focus of history, and faces the embarrassment of history with a kind of introspection and guilt as a gift. This kind of similar religious feelings can trigger the self-renewal of the American spirit in the crisis at that time, strengthen the social cohesion mechanism, and thus become the reenchantment of the American national myth.
【作者单位】： 南京大学外国语学院;
【分类号】：I712.073
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