越南汉文小说中的道教人物研究

发布时间：2018-08-06 13:04

【摘要】：道教在中国古代宗教信仰的基础上发展起来,以“道”为最高信仰,相信人通过某种实践经过一定修炼有可能长生不死、成为神仙,是唯一的中国本土宗教。道教创立之后,经由多种途径和方式进入越南。在跨文化、跨民族的传播过程中,道教经过该民族地区的解读和选择之后,必然会产生变异,越南汉文小说中的道教人物形象就是道教与越南民族文化融合后的结果。以“得道成仙”作为主要线索,越南汉文小说中的道教人物形象可分为得道成仙的道教神仙形象和以得道成仙为追求的修道人形象两大类。其中道教神仙形象又可分为中越共同尊奉的道教神仙——真武大帝、麻姑、吕洞宾和越南本土道教神仙形象两类；而修道人形象则可分为弃尘绝俗、山林清修的逸乐道士形象,务实济世、行善积德的高真道人形象,风水堪舆、梦兆拆字的预言道士形象和祈福禳凶、昭示正统的道士形象等四类,分析各类神仙道士形象,可观照其形象背后文化的变异。随着越南民族文化自主意识的觉醒,越南人民开始了文化上的自我建构。道教文化以动态性、开放性和包容性的态度为多元文化融合创造了契机。多种合力使得道教人物形象的变异在本土文化传统和对中国文化的复合性改造的双重影响下变成圆融的新变异体,继而开始形成对于越南文化的新的辐射。越南汉文小说中的道教人物形象是道教与越南民族文化融合后的结果,其变异性是越南民族出于民族自尊心在文化自我建构下的主动选择,也是越南人民以当地人文地理、风俗风貌重新书写的、具有亲缘性的本土形象。
[Abstract]:Taoism developed on the basis of ancient Chinese religious belief, taking "Tao" as the highest belief. It is believed that through certain practice, people may live forever and become gods, and it is the only local religion in China. After the founding of Taoism, it entered Vietnam through many ways and means. In the process of spreading across cultures and nationalities, Taoism, after the interpretation and selection of the ethnic areas, will inevitably produce variations. The image of Taoist characters in Vietnamese Chinese novels is the result of the fusion of Taoism and Vietnamese national culture. With the main clue of "getting Taoist immortals", the images of Taoist characters in Vietnamese Chinese novels can be divided into two categories: Taoist immortals and Taoist figures. Among them, the image of Taoist gods can be divided into two categories: Zhenwu Great, Ma Gu, Lu Dongbin and Vietnam's native Taoist immortals, while the image of Taoist practitioners can be divided into two categories: the image of Taoist deities, which is worshipped by both China and Vietnam; and the image of Taoist practitioners can be divided into two categories: the images of Taoist Taoists and Taoists who are worshiped by both China and Vietnam. In order to help the world pragmatically, the image of Gaozhen Taoist by doing good deeds and virtue, the image of Feng shui, the image of Taoist prophecy and pray for evil, the image of Taoist preaching and the image of Taoist orthodoxy, we can analyze the image of all kinds of gods and Taoists, which can take into account the variation of culture behind their image. With the awakening of the independent consciousness of Vietnamese national culture, the Vietnamese people began to construct themselves culturally. Taoist culture, with its dynamic, open and inclusive attitude, creates an opportunity for multi-cultural integration. Under the influence of local cultural tradition and the complex transformation of Chinese culture, the variation of Taoist characters' image becomes a new variant, and then forms a new radiation to Vietnamese culture. The image of Taoist characters in Vietnamese Chinese novels is the result of the fusion of Taoism and Vietnamese national culture. Its variability is the voluntary choice of Vietnamese nationality under the cultural self-construction out of national pride, and is also the local humanistic geography of Vietnamese people. Rewritten customs and features, with a kinship of the local image.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I333.074

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