《天堂》的女性主义神学解读

发布时间：2018-01-05 20:40

本文关键词：《天堂》的女性主义神学解读　出处：《河南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：托尼·莫里森（1931-）是唯一荣获诺贝尔文学奖的黑人女作家。《天堂》（1998）是莫里森获得诺贝尔文学奖之后的第一部作品。本书讲述了居住在鲁比镇的九个黑人男子袭击附近修道院的故事。其中隐含了一条暗线：美国黑人为争取天堂般的前景所做的不懈的斗争。莫里森将焦点对准鲁比镇以及修道院中女性人物。作为父权社会的受害者，她们的言行、话语和追求与女性主义神学思想不谋而合。发轫于上个世纪60年代女性主义神学，是对传统、实践、经文以及神学进行女性主义角度的诠释，旨在提高女性在教堂中担任神职以及在宗教权威中的地位，重新解读受父权制社会影响的上帝的形象与语言，发掘女性在受支配下的工作以及女性形象。它诉诸于对传统基督教的批判、对基督教信仰的重塑，其终极目标是从根基《圣经》来解放人类。而莫里森的《天堂》明显地张扬出其对女性主义神学精神的探讨。本论文从女性主义神学的视点解读了莫里森的《天堂》。除了引言和结论部分共分为四个章节。引言部分介绍莫里森本人及其文学成就，突出了国内外学者对其及其作品的研究，即文献综述，以及《天堂》作为一部宗教性或神话传奇色彩较强的小说所体现的独特瑰丽。第一章是理论部分，阐述了女性主义神学的出现、发展及其特点。女性主义神学强调对基督教传统神学的批判以及对基督教信仰的重塑，进而引伸出其相互关联又相互制约的三个诉求，对正义、爱和精神栖息地的诉求。女性主义神学这一特质正好印证了小说《天堂》的精神诉求。第二章运用女性主义神学的理论指导思想，分析鲁比镇的人们以及修道院女人们对正义的诉求，进而论证了黑人与白人之间，男人与女人之间应该相互尊重，彼此关照才能达到平等、和谐。第三章探讨鲁比镇人们以及修道院女人们对爱的诉求，这是女性主义神学所关注的另一个焦点。爱是一切文学作品中永恒的主题。本章包含母爱，情爱和上帝之爱的探讨。母爱的缺失一直是莫里森作品关注的主题之一，同样《天堂》也不例外。鲁比镇男人与修道院女人之间的情爱都成为本章的关注重点。而作者对上帝之爱的渲染将人们带到了人类最终诉求——精神栖息地的诉求。第四章重点探讨了作者通过鲁比镇人们以及修道院女人的各种言行，论证了对精神栖息地诉求的必要性，也即对充满公平、正义、和谐、独立、平等、爱的天堂的追求。从黑文城到鲁比镇，以及修道院的发展，，托尼·莫里森描写了黑人乌托邦的毁灭是由于白人文化主导下被扭曲的黑人自卑情结以及对天堂的错误理解。然而，在某种程度上，修道院的确是一个天堂。为了诉求和谐、独立、平等、充满正义的真正的精神家园，莫里森通过修道院的女性给人类指引方向，在此建构作者内心的天堂。结论部分对前四章做简要总结并为到达莫里森构建的天堂指明了道路。
[Abstract]:Tony Morrison (1931-) is the only won the Nobel prize in literature of black female writers. Heaven > (1998) after Morrison won the Nobel prize for literature works. The first book about living in the town of Ruby hit nine black men near the monastery. The story hidden a clue: African American for heaven as the prospect of the tireless struggle. Morrison will focus on the female characters of Ruby town and the monastery. As the victims of the patriarchal society, their words and deeds, words and pursuit and feminist theology agree without prior without previous consultation.
Beginning in 60s of last century feminist theology, is the traditional practice of Scripture and theology, feminist interpretations, aimed at improving women as clergy in the church and status in religious authority, re interpretation of image and language by the patriarchal society of God, to explore the female dominated in the work and the female image. It appeals to the criticism of traditional Christianity, reconstruction of Christian belief, the ultimate goal is to liberate humanity from the foundation of the Bible. Morrison's "Heaven > clearly publicity of feminist theology spirit.
This paper from the viewpoint of feminist theology's interpretation of Morrison's "paradise". Apart from the introduction and conclusion is divided into four chapters.
The introductory part introduces Morrison himself and his literary achievements, highlighting the domestic and foreign scholars' research on his works and his works, namely, the literature review, and the unique magnificence of heaven as a religious or mythical and legendary novel.
The first chapter is the theoretical part, expounds the development of feminist theology, feminist theology and its characteristics. Emphasize the criticism of Christian theology and the traditional reconstruction of Christian belief, and the extension of the three interrelated demands, and mutual restriction of justice, love and spiritual habitat. The demands of feminist theology nature coincides with the demands of the novel < > the spirit of heaven.
The second chapter applies the guiding ideology of feminist theology to analyze the appeals of people in Ruby town and the women in the monastery to justice, and further demonstrates that between black and white men and women should respect each other and take care of each other to achieve equality and harmony.
The third chapter discusses Ruby town people and convent women to love demands, this is another focus of feminist theology concerned. Love is the eternal theme of all literary works. This chapter contains the discussion of love, love and love of God. The lack of maternal love is always the theme of Morrison products concern. The same < > paradise is no exception. Between men and women in the town of Ruby Abbey of love has been the focus of this chapter. The rendering of the love of God will bring people to the ultimate human demands -- spiritual habitat demands.
The fourth chapter mainly discusses the author through various words and deeds of Ruby town people and the convent women, demonstrates the necessity of spiritual habitat demands, namely the full of fairness, justice, harmony, independence, equality, love of heaven pursuit. From the black city to the town of Ruby, and the monastery development, Tony Morrison describes the black Utopia the destruction is caused by the distortion of the white culture dominated by black inferiority complex of heaven and wrong understanding. However, to some extent, the monastery is really a paradise. In order to demand independence, equality, harmony, true spiritual home full of justice, Morrison through the monastery to female human direction, the construction of the author the heart of heaven.
The conclusion is a brief summary of the first four chapters and points the way to the arrival of the paradise built by Morrison.

【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】