从生态女性主义角度解读《尖尖的枞树之乡》

发布时间：2018-01-08 14:29

本文关键词：从生态女性主义角度解读《尖尖的枞树之乡》　出处：《曲阜师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：萨拉·奥恩·朱厄特（1849-1909），是美国人最为喜爱的作家之一，其成就主要展现在对缅因州南贝里克及周边地区特色的描述上。朱厄特一直被评论家称作超感官知觉的信徒，热爱大自然的使者和坚定捍卫女性权利的卫士。自1896年代表作《尖尖的枞树之乡》发表以来，朱厄特牢固树立了在美国文学界的地位。朱厄特的小说因对女性人物的生动刻画和乡村大自然的细致描写，受到了乡村居民特别是乡村女性的欢迎。最佳著作《尖尖的枞树之乡》则详尽表现了朱厄特的作品特色。随着世人对环境问题和女性问题的关切，《尖尖的枞树之乡》受到更多评论家的关注。目前，评论家已用现实主义、地方主义、种族主义、物质主义、女性主义以及从文化的角度对其进行解读。朱厄特在严格意义上，不能称作生态女性主义小说家，但生态女性主义的思想贯穿文本始终，而评论界并未在该角度引起足够的重视。该论文尝试通过文本细读对该著作进行生态女性主义解读。文中，三条主线贯穿始终，即自然之美、人性之美以及爱与依靠的黄金社会链（集体精神指引）。三条主线相互依存，构成生态女性主义思想的重要特征。大自然之美体现在对自然环境细致、全方位的呈现上：抹除了工业化的标记，消除了工业化对人类生活的消极影响。登奈兰丁小镇的生活，是纯粹的田园式生活。生活于其中的村民受大自然包容万象的熏陶，变得宽容大度。村民之间彼此依靠、和谐共处。文中不断提及的冷杉、云杉、薄荷作为大自然的友好使者，展现了大自然与人类和谐依靠的画面，这也是生态女性主义者所倡导的生态意识的体现。人性之美来自村民之间友好关系的积累而非相互的竞争争斗。朱厄特通过有意识地解构二元性别对立模式，展现出女性与男性的平等地位。在日常的集体生活中，男女实现了相互理解的和谐共处，这也是生态女性主义者对两性生活的关切与渴望。爱与依赖的黄金社会链，，传达了枞树之乡村民的整体生存信念，这也是对自然之美与人性之美的继承与发展、提炼与升华，对未来生活的走向具有十分重要的意义。世事变迁，这种信念可以把散沙的村民凝结成和谐的团体。这种精神之美是生态女性主义的宗旨与美好期待，赋予人类生活的终极意义以重要启示。该论文正文包括三章。论文结合文本本身进行系统的生态女性主义解读。第一章，作者基于生态女性主义的宗旨，结合文本对自然及环境、村民生活的论述，阐明了解构逻各斯二元对立系统的可能性。在人类中心主义和男性中心主义的双重统治下，自然与女性被物化、被客体化，成为中心主义的“他者”。朱厄特在她刻画的登奈兰丁小镇上，打破了森严单调的等级制度，塑造了人与人、人与自然平等相处的和谐网络。自然界中一切生灵的多样性与勃然生机，突出了万物存在的重要意义。第二章中，作者立足于生态女性主义的期望，探究在重塑的新体系下自然与人类、男性与女性的互惠互利、和谐共处。在枞树之乡，万物平等；自然予以人类物质与精神的馈赠；自然与人类的关系进一步强化。同样，威廉姆幸福婚姻及两性相互理解的典型事例，进一步突显出幸福和谐的画面。第三章中，作者立足于生态女性主义者为夙愿得尝而进行的不懈努力，阐述了登奈兰丁小镇给予人类的深刻思考：从枞树之乡的微型世界中探索建立人类未来社会的美好蓝图，最终领悟人类探索生活的终极意义。结论中，作者概括贯穿文本始终的生态女性主义思想，该思想通过自然之美、人性之美、爱与依赖的黄金社会链得以系统的展现。自然与人类、男性与女性在爱的终极关怀下共生共存。该论文的创新性包括角度的创新、思想内容以及研究价值的创新。作者坚信《尖尖的枞树之乡》的生态女性主义研究将有助于生态女性主义以及该著作的进一步发展。
[Abstract]:Sarah Orn Jouett (1849-1909), is one of the most popular American writer, the main achievements show in the state of Maine and the surrounding area Nanbeilike characteristic description. Jewett has been called the critic extrasensory perception of believers, angel love nature and defend the rights of women guards. Since 1896 the representative "Pointed Firs" since the publication, Jewett firmly establish a position in the literature world. Jewett's novels with vivid portrayal of female characters and the rural nature of the detailed description, by the rural residents especially rural women welcome. The best works of < the Pointed Firs > is a detailed performance of Jewett's works feature.
With the world on environmental issues and women's concerns, "the Pointed Firs > has received more attention from critics. Currently, critics have used realism, localism, racism, materialism, feminism and culture from the perspective of the interpretation of Jewett. In the strict sense, can not be called eco feminist novelist however, the eco feminist ideas through all the text and the commentary did not attract enough attention in the angle. The thesis attempts to interpret the eco feminism to the works through the text. In this paper, the three main line throughout, namely the natural beauty, the beauty of human nature and social gold chain of love and rely on the (collective spirit.) the three main lines of interdependence, constitutes an important feature of ecofeminism.
The beauty of nature is reflected in the natural environment in detail, presents the full range: erase industrial marking, eliminating the negative impact of industrialization on human life. Dengnailanding town life is purely pastoral life. Living in one of the villagers by nature as inclusive million influence, become tolerant to each other among the villagers. On the harmonious coexistence. Constantly mentioned fir, spruce, mint as a goodwill messenger of nature, show the nature and human harmony depend on the picture, which is intended to reflect the ecological and eco feminist advocate general.
The beauty of human nature from the friendly relations between the villagers and the accumulation of non compete with each other in battle. Jewett by consciously deconstructed two yuan Gender Opposition pattern, showing the equality between women and men. In our collective life, to achieve harmonious coexistence and mutual understanding, this is also the eco Feminism on sexual life concern and desire.
Love and rely on social gold chain, to convey the firs the overall survival of faith, which is the inheritance and development of the natural beauty and the beauty of humanity, refinement and sublimation, is of great significance to the future life. Things change, this belief can put the villagers scattered sand condenses into harmony group. This spiritual beauty is eco feminist philosophy and good expectations, the ultimate meaning of human life important inspiration.
This paper consists of three chapters. According to the text itself of eco feminist interpretation system. In the first chapter, the author based on the purpose of eco feminism, combining the text of nature and environment, the paper expounds that the villagers' life, may two yuan opposite system construction logos. Dual rule in anthropocentrism and androcentrism under the nature and women are objectified, objectified, become the center doctrine of "the other". Jewett in her portrayal of the Dengnailanding Town, breaking the strict monotone hierarchy, shaping people, harmonious network equality between human and nature. All creatures in nature, diversity and vitality that highlights the importance of existence.
In the second chapter, the author based on the ecological feminist expectations, explore in the new system remodeling under natural and human, mutual benefit, harmonious coexistence between male and female. All things are equal in the firs, be natural; human material and spiritual gifts; natural and human relations further strengthened. Similarly, a typical example William happy marriage and sexual mutual understanding, further highlights the happy and harmonious picture.
In the third chapter, based on the eco feminism as the taste of the long cherished wish of unremitting efforts, expounds the profound thinking of human Dengnailanding Town: exploring the beautiful blueprint for the future of human society is established from the micro world firs in the final understanding the ultimate meaning of human exploration of life.
In conclusion, the author summarized through text always ecofeminist thoughts and ideas through the natural beauty, the beauty of human nature, love and dependence of the gold chain can be demonstrated. The social system of natural and human, male and female in the coexistence of ultimate concern of love. The innovation includes the innovation of angle. The ideological content and innovation of the research value. The study of eco feminism writers believe that "the Pointed Firs > will contribute to the further development of eco feminism and the works.

【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.06

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