从后殖民女性主义视角解析《接骨师之女》中的文化身份问题

发布时间：2018-01-18 01:15

本文关键词：从后殖民女性主义视角解析《接骨师之女》中的文化身份问题　出处：《辽宁大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1989年谭恩美发表成名作《喜福会》以来便开始在美国走红，成为美国乃至于西方的最著名美国华裔作家之一，并一直被认为是把华裔美国文学带入美国文学主流的先锋人物。谭恩美对文化身份的探索反映了移民家庭中存在的一个特殊而又普遍的文化现象，同时也启发了来自不同文化背景的人思考如何在多元文化共存的美国相互相处与交流。《接骨师之女》是谭恩美享誉世界的第四部小说，是她自传性最强、表现华裔移民母女关系最为深入和感人的巨作。《接骨师之女》的主题仍然跟谭恩美前三部长篇小说一样，围绕华裔移民母女两代人的矛盾展开，小说文化背景相互切换，以母女和解为结局。在这部作品中谭恩美又一次展现了她对文化身份的关切以及日趋成熟的思考。作为全球后殖民语境中文化研究的一个重要课题，文化身份在国内和美国华裔文学研究领域受到广泛关注。跨文化交际学专家斯图尔特·霍尔(Stuart Hall)认为文化身份既是变化的又是静止的，它由固定因素和变化因素组成。一个人的种族、出身和肤色是个人行为的基础，而且都是不能改变的。对文化身份的研究出发点不尽相同，但从后殖民女性主义角度的研究却较为有限。本文试从后殖民女性主义角度解读《接骨师之女》中的女性文化身份，并以“他者”理论解析作品中的女性边缘地位及其身份危机，，从而展现中国移民在这样一个白人文化为主导、多元文化并存的美国社会如何面对中西两种文化冲突以及如何承续中华文化优秀传统并吸收美国文化的精髓以建构属于本群体的文化身份。本文通过探究华人移民的无奈、失落、困惑以及他们对自身的思考，揭示了他们在跨文化的日常生活中逐渐学会用独特的视角审视并重塑自我的现实。本文分为三大部分：引言、主体和结论。引言简要介绍谭恩美及其主要作品，《接骨师之女》创作的背景，国内外的研究现状以及本论文的研究目的和意义。主体部分分为三章。第一章简要介绍斯皮瓦克的后殖民女性主义理论及其形成和发展的过程。并从三个方面总结后殖民女性主义理论在《接骨师之女》中的体现，即对霸权主义、父权制和白人女性的批评，并以此来分析小说中女主人公的文化身份问题。第二章分析了女主人公文化身份丧失的原因、表现以及结果。首先以后殖民女性主义的“他者”理论分析母女双方在美国主流社会的边缘处境并探寻其社会及历史根源。然后以此说明美国华裔女性丧失身份的表现，即面临不平等权力下的种族，性别以及文化上的“他者”地位。最后面临身份危机，既不能融入美国主流社会又疏远中国传统文化。第三章探究了母女二人重构身份的过程。首先母女之间消除隔阂，实现真正的融合。然后打破沉默的困境并发出自己的声音，摆脱被边缘化的尴尬处境以此消除身份危机。最后母女双方追寻根源，在美国主流社会中依然保持自身的中国传统特性并重新构筑属于自己的文化身份。结论部分对论文进行总结，指出美国华裔女性的文化身份建构既不能通过完全否定中国文化而迎合美国主流主文化，也不能固守中国传统文化而排斥美国文化，而是通过两者的有机结合形成全新的文化身份，既能吸取美国主流文化的精髓又能坚守中国传统文化。
[Abstract]:Tan Nmei , one of the most famous American Chinese American writers in the West , has long been regarded as a pioneer in American literature . Tan ' s exploration of cultural identity reflects a special and widespread cultural phenomenon in immigrant families , and also inspires people from different cultural backgrounds to think about how to get along and communicate with each other in the coexistence of multiple cultures . She is the fourth novel of Tan Nami ' s reputation in the world , the strongest of her self - transmission and the most profound and touching relationship between Chinese and Chinese immigrants . The theme of the women ' s novels is still the same as Tan ' s three long novels , and the cultural background of the novel is switched to the end . In this work , Tan Nmei again demonstrated her concern about cultural identity and the increasingly mature thinking . As an important subject of cultural research in post - colonial context , cultural identity is widely concerned in the field of Chinese American literature research at home and in the United States . Stuart Hall , a cross - cultural communication expert , believes that cultural identity is both variable and static . It is based on fixed factors and changing factors . The race , origin and colour of a person are the basis of personal behavior and cannot be changed . The research starting point for cultural identity is different , but the research from the post - colonial feminism perspective is limited . This paper tries to interpret the female cultural identity of the female teacher from the post - colonial feminism perspective , and analyze the woman ' s edge status and the identity crisis in the works with the theory of " other people " , so as to reveal how the Chinese immigrants face the two cultural conflicts in China and the West , and how to inherit the essence of American culture so as to construct the cultural identity which belongs to the group . This paper is divided into three parts : introduction , subject and conclusion . The introduction briefly introduces Tan ' s beauty and its main works , the background of her works , the current research situation at home and abroad , and the research purpose and significance of this thesis . The main part is divided into three chapters . The first chapter briefly introduces the post - colonial feminism theory and the process of its formation and development . The second chapter analyzes the causes , manifestations and results of the loss of cultural identity of female heroines . At first , the author analyzes the fringe situation of female and female in the mainstream society in the United States and explores its social and historical roots . The third chapter explores the process of reconstructing the identity of the female and female . First , the mother and female divide the gap and realize the real fusion . Then break the silence predicament and send out its own voice , get rid of the awkward situation of being marginalised to eliminate the identity crisis . At last , both sides seek the root cause , still maintain its own traditional characteristics in the mainstream society of the United States and rebuild its own cultural identity . The conclusion part summarizes the thesis , and points out that the cultural identity construction of Chinese American women can not only cater to the mainstream culture of the United States and reject American culture by completely denying the Chinese culture , but also to reject American culture through the organic combination of the two . It can not only absorb the essence of American mainstream culture but also stick to the traditional culture of China .

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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