儿童文学作品中动物开口说话现象的接受状况研究

发布时间：2018-02-05 20:01

本文关键词： 儿童文学动物角色开口说话接受理论拟人化陌生化　出处：《天津理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：熟悉儿童文学的人可能会发现，儿童文学作品中经常会出现一些能开口说话的动物形象，而这样的动物小说等也广受儿童及青少年读者的欢迎。从历时性的角度来看，很久以前出现的描写开口说话的动物角色的作品不少至今在出版商的书目中仍然具有很强的竞争力。而从共时性的角度来看，同一时期出版的、销量最好的各种儿童文学作品中，含有这类动物形象的作品非常之多。这表明儿童及青少年读者是非常喜爱这一类动物形象的。本论文是对动物开口说话现象的接受状况研究，由七部分组成。第一章为引论，简要介绍儿童文学作品中开口说话的动物广受读者欢迎的现状，同时交代了本文研究的背景、研究的可行性以及本研究的价值和意义。第二章探讨了开口说话的动物形象与儿童文学创作的关系，涉及开口说话的动物角色在儿童文学作品中的地位。事实上，儿童文学作品中描写开口说话的动物是一种拟人化的写作技巧。在本章中，笔者首先厘定了儿童文学及拟人化的定义，然后讨论了开口说话的动物形象在儿童文学中的起源。笔者认为，开口说话的动物自18世纪儿童文学诞生时起，就已经成为了儿童文学不可分割的一个重要元素，从这一方面，我们就能看到开口说话的动物形象在儿童文学中的重要的地位。第三章是对两个问卷调查的结果的讨论。这两份问卷的目的在于真实地了解国内儿童读者对儿童文学中动物开口说话现象的接受情况。笔者认为儿童对于儿童文学中开口说话的动物有所期待，同时也喜欢这一类的儿童文学作品。同时，儿童对含有开口说话的动物的作品的接受情况也会受到成人的影响，因为有时儿童所阅读的文学作品是由成人挑选的，而成人也认为儿童会喜欢含有开口说话的动物的文学作品。问卷调查是在来自四个省份的121位儿童和115位成人中进行的，调查的结果也证实了笔者的推断。第四章对儿童小说中开口说话的动物形象做了分类研究。根据这些动物与自然状态下的真实状态之间差距的大小，以及在小说中，它们开口说话的能力对它们的行为影响的大小将开口说话的动物分为“仅被作者赋予了语言能力的写实性动物”和“脱离了动物原貌的开口说话的动物”两大类。第五章从接受美学的角度分析了开口说话的动物在儿童文学创作中的重要性和存在的意义。接受美学强调的是读者对于文学本文的接受，它要求作者的创作要符合读者的心理特征和审美期待。儿童的心理并不像成人那样成熟，“万物有灵”仍然是他们的思想的一大特征，因而他们很喜欢含有开口说话的动物的文学作品，也能从中发现很多的乐趣。第六章分析了影响儿童文学中动物开口说话现象的接受情况的几个因素。首先，笔者认为“陌生化”写作手法的运用迫使读者以全新的视角审视本已熟悉的事物，能够从这种全新的视角中获得更多的乐趣与启发。其次，动物开口说话有时可以拉近儿童读者与故事人物之间的距离，有时又能够在儿童读者与残酷的现实之间拉开一段距离，保护了他们纯真的天性。除此之外，作者也必须努力使故事符合儿童对真实感的特殊要求，使故事读起来既容易接受又真实可信。在论文的结论部分，，笔者对论文的探讨要点做了归纳提炼，同时也指出了本课题研究需要进一步加以解决的问题。
[Abstract]:Familiar with children's literature, people may find some can speak animal images often in children's literature, and this animal fiction is also popular with children and young readers. From a diachronic perspective, a long time ago the description speak animal characters of many works so far in the publisher the list still has strong competitiveness. From synchronic perspective, published in the same period, the best selling all kinds of children's literature, with this kind of animal image works very much. The table tomorrow in children and adolescents readers are very fond of this kind of animal image.
This paper is the opening of the animal to accept speech, is composed of seven parts. The first chapter is introduction, briefly introduces the situation of the children's literature speak animal widely welcomed by the readers, and explains the background of this study, the feasibility of the research and the research value and significance.
The second chapter discusses the relationship between talking animal image and the creation of children's literature, to speak the status of animal characters in children's literature. In fact, children in literature to speak animal is a personification of the writing skills. In this chapter, the author firstly defines the definition of children's literature and personification, and then discusses the talking animal image in children's literature origin. The author believes that talking animal since eighteenth Century the birth of children's literature, children's literature has become an integral important elements, from this aspect, we can see the animal image in the talk children's literature in the important position.
The third chapter is a discussion of the two survey results. The two questionnaires to truly understand the domestic children's readers speak the phenomenon of the acceptance of animal in children's literature. The writer thinks that children looking forward to talking animal in children's literature, but also love this kind of children's literature at the same time. To accept children, containing animal works speak of will be adults, because sometimes reading children's literature is chosen by adults, and adults think that children would love to speak to you with the animal literature. A questionnaire survey was conducted in 121 children from four provinces and 115 adults in the survey results also confirmed the inference.
The fourth chapter studies the classification of open talk in children's fiction of the animal image. According to the gap between the animal and the natural state of the true state of the size, as well as in the novel, their ability to speak on their behavior will affect the size of the animal is divided into "speak only the language ability has been given by the author the realistic animal" and "out of the original animal speak animal" two categories.
The fifth chapter analyzes the importance of talking animal in children literature and the meaning of existence from the perspective of reception aesthetics. Aesthetics emphasizes the readers to accept the literary text, it requires the author's creation to meet the readers' psychological characteristics and aesthetic expectation. The children's psychology and not as mature adults, "all things are the spirit" is still a major feature of their thoughts, because they are talking animal love contains literary works, also can find a lot of fun from it.
The sixth chapter analyzes the influence of the animal in children's literature speak accept the phenomenon several factors situation. Firstly, the author thinks that the "Defamiliarization" of the writing techniques of forcing the reader to view this familiar things from a new perspective, to have fun and inspiration more from this new perspective. Secondly, animal talk sometimes it can narrow the gap between the reader and the children's stories of the distance, sometimes to distance between the reader and the children in the cruel reality, protect their innocent nature. In addition, the author also must make efforts to meet the special requirements of the children's story of reality, the story is easy to accept and authentic.
In the conclusion part of the thesis, the author summarizes the main points of the thesis and points out the problems that need to be solved further.

【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I106.8

【共引文献】