《最蓝的眼睛》中黑人文化身份的建构

发布时间：2018-02-13 17:46

本文关键词： 托尼·莫里森最蓝的眼睛黑人文化身份建构　出处：《中南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：托尼·莫里森的第一部小说《最蓝的眼睛》出版于1970年,作为黑人文化传统的一部分,莫里森的小说具有很强的黑人文学性,将黑人的传统文化和作品的主题紧密联系,使作品的思想性和艺术性达到完美结合。她的处女作《最蓝的眼睛》就是这样一篇经典之作。小说讲述了以佩克拉一家为代表的黑人在白人文化为主导的社会中逐渐丧失黑人文化身份这一社会现象,而以克劳蒂亚一家为代表的美国黑人却在恪守黑人家庭和社区职责的同时,大力弘扬黑人文化传统,建立了合理、健康、独立的黑人文化身份。作为一名美国当代黑人女性作家,莫里森致力于保存和弘扬黑人文化。莫里森曾说过,黑人民族要生存下去,除了拥有政治权利和经济独立以外,必须保留住黑人文化。本文即以黑人文化身份建构为主线,将黑人传统文化与小说中人物的命运、遭遇及其表现连接起来,旨在突出传统文化对黑人自我身份或黑人性的保存与缺失所具有的决定性的作用。小说通过几组人物对白人文化侵染的态度及其相应的表现具体阐释了如下的思想意义,即那些盲目追求白人文化、割断自我与家庭、社区以及传统文化联系的黑人将无法抵御种族主义观念的侵蚀,最终会在白人文化占统治地位的社会中丧失自我的黑人性；反之,那些坚定地继承了黑人文化传统的自我及家庭,则会在保存黑人性的同时,能够抵御外来白人文化的负面影响,从而在一个贬低黑肤色的文化中建构黑人主体文化身份,寻找到生存价值和生存空间。除绪论和结论之外,本论文主要由三章组成。绪论简单概述托尼·莫里森作为黑人女作家的创作艺术来源及写作立场,同时综合分析了对《最蓝的眼睛》黑人文化身份的文学评论。第一章探讨了如何建构合理的黑人文化身份。佩科拉在白人审美观的冲击下完全失去自我,对蓝眼睛几近疯狂的渴求让其完全丧失理智；而麦克蒂尔夫妇恪守着传统的黑人文化身份,合理地尽到了黑人家庭和黑人社区的职责。第二章分析了如何建构健康的黑人文化身份。在白人主导文化的冲击下,布莱德拉夫夫妇完全分裂自我,形成扭曲变态的人格,丧失了健康的黑人文化身份。而小说中的三个妓女却能坚守着健康的黑人文化身份,这对当时的美国白人主导文化现状是莫大的讽刺。第三章论述如何建构独立的黑人文化身份。“白”化和“浅”化自我的杰拉尔丁和切丘因抛弃黑人文化传统而最终完全丧失独立的黑人身份,迷失在白人社会之中,而黑人文化的“捍卫者”克劳蒂亚以她抵抗白人文化,以守护黑人社区为已任和大力弘扬黑人传统文化,成为了莫里森笔下建构独立的黑人文化身份的典型代表。结论部分对本论文的研究结果做出如下结论：美国黑人若想摆脱白人文化的霸权统治,获得真正的平等和自由,就要勇敢捍卫自己的文化传统,找回自己的民族文化之根,最终构建合理、健康、独立的文化身份。
[Abstract]:Tony Morrison's first novel "the bluest eye" published in 1970, as part of the black culture and tradition, Morrison's novels have black literature is very strong, the black traditional culture and the theme of the work closely, make the ideological and artistic works to achieve the perfect combination of her debut. The "blue the eye" is such a classic. The story with a pekela as the representative of the black in the white dominated culture society gradually lost the black cultural identity of this social phenomenon, and to the Claudia family as the representative of the United States is in black with black families and the community. At the same time, vigorously promote the black traditional culture, establish a reasonable, healthy, independent of the black cultural identity. As a contemporary Afro American female writer, Morrison is committed to preserving and developing the black culture. Morrison once said, Black people to survive, in addition to the political rights and economic independence, must retain the black culture. The black cultural identity construction as the main line, the figures will be black traditional culture and novel destiny, connect the encounter and performance, aims to highlight the traditional culture of black or black identity of preservation and deletion has a decisive role. The novel by several groups of characters of the white culture infected attitude and its corresponding performance following specific interpretation of the significance of the thought that the blind pursuit of the white culture, cut the self and the family, the community and the erosion of traditional black culture contact will not be able to resist racist ideas, the loss of black self final will the dominant white culture in the society; on the contrary, those who firmly inherited the traditional black culture of self and family, will be saved in the dark At the same time, human nature can resist the negative influence of white culture, so as to build black body's cultural identity in a culture of diminish black skin, and find the survival value and living space.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this thesis consists of three chapters. The introduction briefly outlines Tony Morrison as a black female writer art source and writing position, comprehensive analyses the literature review on "the bluest eye > black cultural identity. The first chapter discusses how to construct a reasonable black cultural identity in Pecola. White aesthetic impact completely lost, blue eyes almost crazy desire to let it completely lost; and McTeer couple with a traditional black cultural identity, reasonably to the Black family and the black community's responsibility. The second chapter analyzes how to construct a healthy black cultural identity in the white dominated culture. Under the impact of Brad Ralph couple split self, the formation of distorted personality, loss of healthy black cultural identity and the three prostitutes. In the novel can stick to A healthy black cultural identity, this is the time for the white cultural dominance status is a great irony. The third chapter discusses how to construct the independent black cultural identity. "Black identity white" and "shallow" self Geraldine and cut Qiuyin abandon traditional black culture and eventually completely lost independence, lost in white the society, Claudia black culture "defender" in her resistance to the white culture, the black community has been appointed to guard and vigorously carry forward the tradition of black culture and became a representative of Morrison's construction of independent black cultural identity. The conclusion of the research results of the paper draw the following conclusions: African American to get rid of the white culture the hegemony, get real equality and freedom, be brave to defend their own cultural traditions, find the root of national culture, and ultimately establish a rational, A healthy, independent cultural identity.

【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

【共引文献】