《半生》和《魔种》中的流散主题分析

发布时间：2018-02-14 13:37

本文关键词： 奈保尔流散批评流散主题混杂身份重建社会价值　出处：《哈尔滨师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球化和多元文化时代的到来，流散文学和流散写作已经引起越来越多学者的关注。学者们发现所有的流散者，尤其是流散作家，他们都试图为他们的生命寻找一种卓越的存在意义。年轻人试图发现自我，年长者试图使生活归于和谐。但无论怎样，二者都致力于追寻身体与精神上的完整性。维·苏·奈保尔祖籍印度，出生在特立尼达岛，在英国伦敦接受西式教育。现在他已经被公认为世界文学史上著名的流散作家之一。他的一生大部分时间都在旅行，足迹遍布世界，，从欧洲到亚洲再到非洲，最终定居在英国。他的多元文化背景赋予了他审视帝国和前殖民地的独特视角。他的作品深受学者关注，研究角度包括政治，文化，后殖民研究等。虽然许多批评家都承认奈保尔是一位流散作家并从流散角度研究了他的多部作品，但对奈保尔晚期作品《半生》和《魔种》中流散主题的研究却极少。本论文试图从流散批评角度研究奈保尔《半生》和《魔种》中的流散主题。全文共分五章。引言部分简介了奈保尔其人和他的作品，综述了国内外研究状况，简述了本文的主要内容及创新之处。第一章介绍了本研究的理论基础。本章内容涉及流散的概念，流散批评的简介和一些著名流散理论家的思想的简介，他们包括爱德华·赛义德，斯皮瓦克，霍米巴巴和斯图亚特·霍尔等。第二章主要介绍奈保尔的多元文化背景对他的流散写作的影响。奈保尔出生在一个特立尼达岛上的印度婆罗门家庭。当他18岁时，他到英国伦敦去求学。正是奈保尔的这种多元文化背景赋予了他以独特的视角审视后殖民社会中边缘人群的能力。第三和第四章是整篇论文的重点，通过分析小说主人公威利的流散经历和作品中人物的林勃状态揭示了《半生》和《魔种》中的流散主题。第五章从威利对自我身份的失败重建和性经历的挫折方面入手，揭示出威利作为一个流散者，在自我身份重建和性经历方面不断失败，这些挫折促使他在不同的文化间不断的对话与吸收，最终在杂糅身份中抵达“第三空间”。最后一本分概况并总结全文。正像是两部小说中共同的主人公威利一样，奈保尔由于他的多元文化背景也不可能拥有单一的纯文化身份。来自于他的家乡和定居地的陌生感始终让他处于无家的漂泊感中。他既不能完全否定自己的本族文化又不能盲目的全盘接受宗主国的外来文化。在自我重建的过程中，威利从一个地方流散到另一个地方，最终不得不接受其混杂的文化身份并落脚于“第三空间”这个精神家园。同样，奈保尔作为一个终生流散者，对这一追寻过程的生动描述正是他在《半生》和《魔种》中想向读者展示的。本文对于这两部小说中流散主题的研究无疑将帮助读者更好地理解日益全球化的世界中的流散现象。
[Abstract]:With the advent of globalization and multiculturalism, diaspora literature and diaspora writing have attracted more and more scholars' attention. They all try to find a transcendent existential meaning for their lives. Young people try to find themselves, elders try to make life harmonious. But in any case, both are committed to seeking physical and spiritual integrity. Born in Trinidad and educated in London, he is now recognized as one of the most famous diaspora writers in the history of world literature. He has spent most of his life traveling. Throughout the world, from Europe to Asia to Africa, and eventually settled in England. His multicultural background gave him a unique perspective on imperial and former colonies. Although many critics have recognized Naipaul as a diaspora writer and studied many of his works from the perspective of diaspora, few studies have been conducted on the theme of diaspora in Naipaul's late works "Half-Life" and "species of Magic". This thesis attempts to study the themes of exodus in Naipaul's Half-Life and Evil's seed from the perspective of diaspora criticism. This paper is divided into five chapters. The introduction introduces Naipaul and his works, and summarizes the research situation at home and abroad. The main contents and innovations of this paper are briefly described. The first chapter introduces the theoretical basis of this study. The content of this chapter involves the concept of diaspora, the brief introduction of diaspora criticism and the brief introduction of the thoughts of some famous diaspora theorists. They include Edward said, Spivak, HomiBaba and Stuart Hall. The second chapter mainly introduces the influence of Naipaul's multicultural background on his scattered writing. Naipaul was born into an Indian Brahmin family on the island of Trinidad. When he was 18 years old, He went to London, England. It was Naipaul's multicultural background that gave him the unique ability to look at the marginalized in post-colonial society. Chapters III and 4th were the focus of the whole paper. Through the analysis of Willie's wandering experience and the character's state in his works, the author reveals the theme of exile in Half-Life and Demon. Chapter 5th begins with Willie's failed reconstruction of his own identity and the frustration of his sexual experience. Revealed that Willie, as a diaspora, has failed in the reconstruction of his identity and in his sexual experiences, and these setbacks have prompted his constant dialogue and absorption among different cultures, Finally in the mixed identity to arrive in the third space. The last part of the overview and summary of the full text. Just like Willie, the common protagonist in the two novels, Naipaul, because of his multicultural background, could not have a single cultural identity. The strangeness from his hometown and settlement kept him in a sense of homelessness. He could neither completely deny his own race. Culture cannot blindly accept the foreign culture of the sovereign state. In the process of self-reconstruction, Willie drifted from place to place, and eventually had to accept his mixed cultural identity and settle in the spiritual home of "third Space." again, Naipaul was a lifelong diaspora. The vivid description of this pursuit is exactly what he wanted to show the reader in Half-Life and the seed of Magic. The study of the dispersed themes in these two novels will undoubtedly help readers better understand the increasingly globalized world. The phenomenon of dispersion in the realm.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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