论库切小说的多元叙事

发布时间：2018-02-28 20:03

本文关键词： 库切小说多元叙事　出处：《山东师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：J.M.库切（John Maxwell Coetzee，1940—），，出生于南非，现定居澳大利亚，2003年获得诺贝尔文学奖。库切身兼文学评论家和小说作家的双重身份，使得他在小说创作中体现出强烈的内省精神。本文将从文本细读入手，关注库切小说的叙事立场，分析库切小说多元的叙事策略与丰富的意义内涵，探寻库切小说独特的魅力。绪论：库切研究综述。介绍库切的生平及主要小说创作，简要介绍库切小说国内外研究现状。第一章：历史的背后。本部分结合文本分析库切小说如何以虚构形式颠覆历史话语，通过关注历史话语权威压抑下个体生命体验，揭示历史话语的虚构性、意识形态书写性和不可再现性。第一节分析在小说《等待野蛮人》中，库切如何以寓言性的叙事揭示历史话语的虚构性和帝国意识的残酷本质，书写个人意志对帝国意志抗争的失败。第二节围绕《福》对西方殖民文学经典形象鲁滨逊·克鲁索的改写，分析小说对南非殖民历史的隐喻性，借此重新审视历史。第三节分析《耻》中的犯罪情节如何重现殖民历史的罪恶，通过卢里的个人生活体验折射南非社会变革后白人社会地位的变化，揭示南非白人群体在新的社会权威下寻找出路，进行艰难的自我重塑的过程。第二章：置换叙述主体与呼唤真实。第一节简单梳理库切小说中试图走进叙述中心的女性形象，主要以《内陆深处》、《铁器时代》为例，揭示处于历史叙述边缘的女性试图进行叙述而遭遇的困难处境。第二节主要分析《福》中苏珊·巴顿书写自己的历史过程中出现的矛盾性，并指出正是这种矛盾性令人对苏珊叙述的真实性产生怀疑。第三节主要分析库切小说中沉默的属下——星期五。沉默在库切小说中成为一种叙事策略，星期五试图以沉默逃离话语权威的中心，拒绝被历史书写。第三章：叙事者与作者。第一节主要分析苏珊作为文本内的不可靠叙述者，在不断叙述中编造其他人物经历，作者福也纠缠在苏珊的叙述之中，成为虚构小说的一部分。第二节探讨伊丽莎白·科斯特洛作为作家书写与被书写的二重性，她的身上既有库切的自我意识投射，模糊现实与文本的界限，又处在被书写的境地，成为栖居在小说之中的人物。第三节试图厘清库切的演讲《他和他的人》中体现的创作理念，探讨“他”和“他的人”如何打破界限共存于文本的叙事空间之中。结语：库切的多元叙事不仅体现在叙事技巧层面，更体现在小说创作的理念之中，是叙事技巧和意义内涵的双重建构。库切的小说叙事跨越了种族、性别的界限，反抗着历史的书写，用一种开放的态度反对一切权威。库切在文本中寻找真实叙事的方式，在寻找中不断跨越，不断突破自我，将文本叙事推向更远的地方。
[Abstract]:John Maxwell Coetzeei, born in South Africa and now settled in Australia, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2003. This article will begin with a close reading of the text, pay close attention to the narrative standpoint of Kuche's novels, analyze the diversified narrative strategies and rich meaning connotation of Kuche's novels, and explore the unique charm of Kuche's novels. Introduction: a summary of Kuche's research. It introduces Kuche's life and main novel creation, and briefly introduces the present situation of Kuche's novels at home and abroad. The first chapter: behind history. This part analyzes how Kuche's novels subvert historical discourse in the form of fiction, and reveal the fictitious nature of historical discourse by paying attention to the individual life experience suppressed by the authority of historical discourse. The first section analyzes how Kuche reveals the fictional nature of historical discourse and the cruel nature of imperial consciousness by fable narration in the novel waiting for the Barbarians. The second section focuses on the rewriting of the classic image of western colonial literature, Robinson Crusoe, and analyzes the metaphorical nature of the novels to the colonial history of South Africa. The third section analyzes how the crime plot in "shame" reappears the evil of colonial history, and reflects the change of white social status after the transformation of South African society through Luli's personal life experience. It is revealed that the white group in South Africa seeks a way out under the new social authority and carries on the difficult process of self-remodeling. Chapter two: replacing narrative subject and calling for reality. The first section briefly combs the female images in Kuchet's novels which try to walk into the center of narration, mainly taking the Deep Inland, the Iron Age as an example. The second section mainly analyzes the contradictions in the process of Susan Barton's writing her own history. The author also points out that it is this contradiction that makes people doubt the truth of Susan's narration. The third section mainly analyzes the silent subordinates of Kuche's novels-Friday. Silence becomes a narrative strategy in Kuche's novels. Friday tried to escape the center of authority with silence, refusing to be written by history. Chapter three: narrator and author. The first section mainly analyzes Susan, as the unreliable narrator in the text, fabricates other characters' experiences in the continuous narration, the author Fu is also entangled in Susan's narration. As part of a fictional novel, the second section explores Elizabeth Costello's duality of writing and being written as a writer. She has the projection of Kuchet's self-consciousness, the blurring of the boundaries between reality and the text, and the situation in which she is written. The third section attempts to clarify the creative ideas embodied in Kuchet's speech "he and his people", and to explore how "he" and "his people" can break the boundary and coexist in the narrative space of the text. Conclusion: Kuche's multiple narration is not only reflected in narrative skills, but also in the concept of novel creation, which is a dual construction of narrative skill and meaning connotation. Kuche's novel narration crosses the boundaries of race and gender. Against the writing of history and against all authority with an open attitude, Kuche seeks the way of true narration in the text, constantly leaps over in the search, breaks through himself, and pushes the narrative of the text to a further distance.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I478.074

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