古旧文化土壤中新思想的萌动——荷马史诗与希腊文明的观念基础

发布时间：2018-03-10 22:55

本文选题：荷马史诗　切入点：历史　出处：《江苏师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2015年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：荷马是史诗诗人,也是一位古代的人文主义者。《伊利亚特》6.466—474里展示的既是特洛伊英雄赫克托耳的舐犊之情,也是一位父亲对儿子基于血缘和本能的由衷喜爱。对普遍性的重视和对人类本性的理解,在此达成了高度的统一,构成了荷马人文观深厚而隽永的认知底蕴。荷马重视共性的认知取向,极大地影响了后世希腊人对自然与人生的思考。重视事物的普遍性既是一种正确的哲学立场,也是一种极为明智的方法论举措。对于一些重要的人文概念,如果自愿放弃从"属"的高度而不甚明智地选择从"种"的角度加以理解,那么选择者就很可能已经输在了起跑线上。评判一种文化战略竞争力的强弱,标准之一是细致审察它的学术体制能够在多大程度上有效抵御黑社会风气的侵袭。比发展经济和军事能力远为困难的,是决定各种次级体制稳妥建立的文化基本结构的建设,是如何使其中的质素配置尽可能地趋于合理,形成最佳的搭配模式。向古希腊人学习,自然是学习他们的优点。在经过"希腊文明东来说"的大浪淘沙之后,我们仍然能够发现并承认希腊文明的精湛之处并且愿意借鉴它的成功经验,这件事本身就表明它的非同寻常,尽管我们已经没有那样的激情,事实上也不再需要把它当作某种横空出世的奇迹。
[Abstract]:Homer is an epic poet and an ancient humanist. < Iliad > 6.466-474 shows the love of the Trojan hero Hector's lap calf. It was also a father's sincere love for his son based on blood and instinct, and a high degree of unity between the importance of universality and the understanding of human nature. Homer attached great importance to the cognitive orientation of commonality, which greatly influenced the Greek thinking of nature and life. It is a correct philosophical position to attach importance to the universality of things. It is also a very sensible methodological move. For some important humanistic concepts, if you voluntarily abandon the height of "genus" and choose to understand it from the perspective of "species", Then the choice is likely to be lost to the starting line. Judge the strength of a culture's strategic competitiveness. One of the criteria is a careful examination of the extent to which its academic system can effectively resist the invasion of the underworld ethos. Far more difficult than developing economic and military capabilities, it is the construction of the basic cultural structure, which is firmly established in various sub-systems, It is how to make the quality distribution as reasonable as possible and form the best collocation mode. Learning from the ancient Greeks is of course to learn their advantages. The fact that we are still able to discover and recognize the excellence of the Greek civilization and are willing to learn from its success shows in itself how extraordinary it is, even though we no longer have that passion. In fact, it is no longer necessary to regard it as some sort of supernatural miracle.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院外国文学研究所;
【分类号】：I545.072

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